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GB 20664-2006: Limitation concentration of natural radioactivity in non-ferrous metal ores and concentrates products
GB 20664-2006
ICS 73. 060
D 40
GB
National Standard
of the People?€?s Republic of China
Limitation concentration of natural
radioactivity in non-ferrous metal ores and
concentrates products
ISSUED ON. DECEMBER 07, 2006
IMPLEMENTED ON. MAY 1, 2007
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration Committee;
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Requirements ... 6
5 Testing procedure and methods ... 7
6 Management Control ... 8
Appendix A ... 9
Appendix B ... 12
Foreword
Chapter 4 of this Standard is mandatory, and the rest are recommended.
This Standard refers to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safety
Guide " Application of the Concepts of Exclusion, Exemption and Clearance?€? (No.
RS-G-1.7), and combines our radioactive inspection?€?s experience of non-ferrous
metal mineral products. This Standard clearly defines the natural radioactivity
limit requirements of non-ferrous metal mineral products, and it is essential for the
rational utilization of mineral resources, the protection of the homeland and the
environment, and the protection of public health.
Appendix A and Appendix B are normative.
This Standard was proposed by the General Administration of Quality
Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and China Nonferrous Metals Industry
Association.
This Standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Non-ferrous Metal
Standardization Technical Committee.
This Standard is responsibly drafted by. Shandong Entry - Exit Inspection and
Quarantine bureau.
Participating drafting organization of this Standard. Tongling Nonferrous Metals
(Group) Company.
This Standard is mainly drafted by. Song Jiguo, Ma Xin, Sun Jian, Zhu Jinrong,
and Gao Jianmin.
This Standard is commissioned to National Non-ferrous Metal Standardization
Technical Committee for interpretation.
This Standard was first-time developed.
The limit requirements of natural radioactive in
non-ferrous metal products
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the limit requirements of natural radioactive in
non-ferrous metal products, and over-limit of natural radioactivity activity
concentration and management control of artificial radionuclide pollution.
This Standard applies to development and utilization of non-ferrous metal
products such as copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, and cobalt. The development
and utilization of other minerals can also refer to the provisions of this
Standard.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For dated references, the subsequent
amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard;
however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Standard are
encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies.
GB/T 2007.2-1987 General rules for the sampling and sample preparation of
minerals in bulk - Manual method of sample preparation
GB/T 4960.5-1996 Glossary of terms Nuclear science and technology -
Radiation protection and safety of radiation sources
GB/T 11713 Standard methods of analyzing low specific ?? radioactivity
samples by semiconductor ?? spectrometers
GB/T 14583-1993 Norm for the measurement of environmental terrestrial ?? -
Radiation dose rate
JJG 752-1991 Activity Standard Device for Ge-??-Ray Spectrometer
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this Standard.
3. 1 Radioactivity
The nature that some nuclides spontaneously emit particles or ?? rays, or the
occurrence of X-ray after orbital electron is captured, or the occurrence of
spontaneous fission.
[GB/T 4960.5-1996, the term 2.1]
3.2 Nuclide
The atom which has the equal number of protons, neutrons, and in the same
nuclear energy states.
3.3 Radionuclide
Radioactive nuclides.
[GB/T 4960.5-1996, the term 2.5]
3.4 Activity
At a given moment, a certain amount of radionuclide activity A which is in a
particular energy state is a quotient obtained by that dN is divided by dt.
A =dN/dt
In which. dN is the expected value of the number of nuclear transition occurred
by the radionuclide at this energy states, in the time interval dt.
[GB/T 4960.5-1996, the term 4.31]
3.5 Activity concentration
In the safe field of radiation, it generally refers to the radioactivity activity per
unit of mass or per unit of volume substance; the former is also called the
specific activity.
Note. REWRITE GB/T 4960.5-1996, the term 4.32.
3.6 Screening level
In order to simplify the radioactive inspection of mineral products, a specified
threshold for ?? radiation dose rate which is at a certain distance from the
GB 6537-2006
Appendix A
(Normative)
On-site screening methods of ?? radiation dose rate
A. 1 Scope
This Appendix specifies on-site screening methods of ?? radiation dose rate
in non-ferrous metal products. This Appendix applies to on-site screening
methods of ?? radiation dose rate in on-ferrous metal products such as
copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, and cobalt.
A.2 Principle
Under certain environmental conditions, the ?? radiation dose rate produced
by natural radionuclide in mineral products is proportional to its radioactivity,
through the screening of ?? radiation dose rate in mineral product heap, the
concentration limit of radionuclide activity in mineral products can be basically
identified.
A.3 Instrument Requirements
A.3.1 Instrument performance requirements
Technical performance and function of ?? radiation dose rate instrument for
on-site screening shall at least meet the following requirements.
a) The measurement range of dose rate. 10 nGy/h - 10 mGy/h;
b) The applicable energy range. 50 keV ~ 3 MeV;
c) Measurement uncertainty. ?????25%;
d) Alarm level. it can be set according to needs;
e) Self-test function. The instrument can conduct self-test whether it works
normally.
A.3.2 Instrument calibration requirements
The ?? radiation dose rate instrument for on-site screening shall be regularly
checked according to JJG 752.
GB 6537-2006
mineral products, and at the end of unloading.
Measurement methods. GRAB with handling machinery grab bucket from
different parts of the cargo surface in cabins;
GRAB randomly no less than 50 t of non-ferrous metal mineral products to test
site. PILE it into a flat cargo heap of which thickness is more than 1 m, the
diameter of top is more than 2m. PLACE the probe of dose rate meter at 0.1 m
above the cargo. Find the highest point of ?? radiation dose rate. MEASURE
repeatedly for 5 times at the highest point (the interval is 10 s). TAKE the
average value of 5 measurements as the level value of ?? radiation dose rate.
The highest level value of ?? radiation dose rate detected in the testing process
is deemed as the level value of ?? radiation dose rate of that batch
measurement.
A.4.3.2 Land-transported bulk non-ferrous mental mineral products
MEASURE ?? radiation dose rate for each wagon.
PLACE the probe of dose rate meter at 0.1 m above the cargo. FIND the
highest point of ?? radiation dose rate. MEASURE repeatedly for 5 times at the
highest point (the interval is 10 s), TAKE the average value of 5 measurements
as the level value of ?? radiation dose rate of the wagon.
A.4.4.4 Judgment of results
when test result is below the set warning value, the instrument will not
generate the alarm; when test result is higher than the set warning value, the
instrument will automatically generate alarm. Inspection personnel can judge
the radioactive level of non-ferrous mental mineral products according to the ??
radiation dose rate displayed by instrument.
GB 6537-2006
small volume containers, the content of each selected container can be
considered as a sample.
c) When sampling from container, CONDUCT according to one of the
following.
1) TAKE samples at any position in the container.
2) In the case of without mixed abnormal substances (impurities), POUR out
all the contents, and then TAKE samples at any position.
B.2.4 Cabin sampling methods
B.2.4.1 Sampling position
When the non-ferrous metal mineral products are loaded and unloaded by
excavators, bucket and other handling tools, SAMPLE from handling tools or
on newly exposed surface in cabin.
B.2.4.2 the Number of samples
DETERMINE the minimum number of samples According to the Table B.1.
B.2.4.3 Sampling
a) CONDUCT systematic sampling randomly. According to the sample
number and batch size, DETERMINE the sampling interval.
b) When sampling from handling tools, TAKE samples according to the type
of handling tools, and in accordance with B.2.2 or B.2.3.
c) SAMPLE from newly exposed surface in cabin after each handling,
DETERMINE r...