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GB 44263-2024: Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging system
GB 44263-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.99
CCS T 35
Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging
system
ISSUED ON. JULY 24, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. AUGUST 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 4
2 Normative references... 4
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Symbols and abbreviations... 8
5 General requirements... 8
6 Charging interface safety... 9
7 AC charging safety... 10
8 DC charging safety... 13
9 Test methods... 19
10 Implementation of the standard... 37
Appendix A (Normative) DC charging control pilot circuit for GB/T 20234.3... 38
Safety requirements for electric vehicle conductive charging
system
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for the overall safety, charging interface
safety, AC charging safety, DC charging safety of electric vehicle conductive charging
systems; describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to electric vehicle AC charging systems and electric vehicle
DC charging systems, whose rated voltage on the power grid side does not exceed 1000
V (AC) or 1500 V (DC), and the rated maximum voltage on the electric vehicle side
does not exceed 1000 V (AC) or 1500 V (DC). It is also applicable to the safety
requirements for charging in electric vehicle’s charging and discharging systems.
This document does not apply to.
- Safety requirements related to the maintenance of electric vehicle’s conductive
charging/charging and discharging systems;
- Automatic charging systems such as top contact charging systems.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential clauses of this document
through normative references in the text. For dated references, only the version
corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest
version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 1002 Single phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes
- Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1.
General requirements
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 11918.1-2014 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part
1.General requirements
GB/T 11918.2-2014 Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part
2.Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for pin and
current shall not exceed 32 A (AC).
5.1.3 Equipment used in non-restricted places shall not use vehicle adapters that do not
comply with the provisions of the corresponding national standards.
5.2 Prerequisites for the implementation of this document
The prerequisite for the implementation of this document is that the power supply
equipment shall comply with the provisions of GB 39752 and the electric vehicle shall
comply with the provisions of GB 18384.
6 Charging interface safety
6.1 Charging interface protection level
The protection level of the charging interface against dangerous parts shall meet the
following requirements.
a) Connection method B or connection method C; when the vehicle plug is coupled
with the vehicle socket, the vehicle plug and the vehicle socket. IPXXD;
b) Mode 3, connection method A or connection method B; when the power plug is
coupled with the power socket, the power plug and the power socket. IPXXD.
6.2 Charging interface temperature protection function
6.2.1 AC charging interface temperature protection function
The AC charging interface has the following temperature protection functions.
- For the AC power supply equipment using connection method A or connection
method B, which has a maximum charging current greater than 16 A (AC), it shall
have the temperature protection function of the power socket.
- For the AC power supply equipment using three-phase AC charging and whose
maximum charging current is greater than 32 A (AC), it shall have the temperature
protection function of the vehicle plug.
- For the electric vehicles which have a maximum charging current of the on-board
charger greater than 16 A (AC), it shall have the temperature protection function of
the vehicle socket.
6.2.2 DC vehicle interface temperature protection function
The DC vehicle interface has the following temperature protection functions.
- The DC power supply equipment shall have the function of monitoring the vehicle
plug temperature. When the vehicle plug temperature is abnormal, the DC power
supply equipment shall reduce the charging power or trigger a fault shutdown.
- Electric vehicles shall have the temperature protection function of the vehicle
socket.
7 AC charging safety
7.1 System design safety
7.1.1 Control pilot circuit
The AC power supply system has a control pilot function.
- In mode 2, the control pilot circuits of the AC power supply equipment and electric
vehicles shall comply with the provisions of A.1.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- In mode 3, the control pilot circuits of the AC power supply equipment and electric
vehicles shall comply with the provisions of A.1.1 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.1.2 Charging cable current carrying capacity detection function
Electric vehicles shall have the ability to confirm the rated capacity of the charging
cable, by monitoring whether the resistance value between testing point 3 and PE
complies with Table A.5 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.The charging current in the energy
transmission stage shall not exceed the power supply capacity of the AC power supply
equipment and the current carrying value of the charging cable, whichever is smaller.
7.1.3 Equipment power supply capacity declaration function
The AC power supply equipment shall be able to inform the electric vehicle of the
current power supply capacity, by setting the PWM signal duty cycle. The relationship
between the duty cycle generated by the AC power supply equipment and the charging
current limit shall comply with the requirements of Table A.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.1.4 Interface locking function
During the energy transmission stage, when the charging current of the AC charging
system is greater than 16 A (AC), the power supply socket of the AC power supply
equipment (connection method A or connection method B) and the vehicle socket of
the electric vehicle (connection method B or connection method C) shall be reliably
locked.
7.1.5 Contact sticking detection function
The AC power supply equipment shall have a contactor (or similar device) sticking
detection function. When the following contact sticking occurs, the AC power supply
During the charging process, the AC power supply equipment shall have the ability to
determine the vehicle interface connection status by monitoring the voltage value of
testing point 1.
Before energy transmission, when a CP disconnection/grounding fault occurs, the AC
power supply equipment shall not be able to charge and comply with the provisions of
A.3.10.12 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
During the energy transmission stage, the following faults occur.
- When the electrical continuity of the protective grounding conductor is lost, the AC
charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.6
in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- When the CP is disconnected/grounded, the AC charging equipment shall stop
charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.5 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- When the vehicle switch S2 is disconnected (the voltage value of testing point 1 is
9 V), the AC charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the
provisions of A.3.10.11 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.2.4 Vehicle side CP circuit abnormality protection
During the energy transmission stage, the electric vehicle shall be able to periodically
monitor the PWM signal of testing point 2, to determine the connection status of the
vehicle interface. When the PWM signal is interrupted, the electric vehicle shall stop
charging and comply with the provisions of A.3.10.4 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
7.2.5 Power supply network power failure protection
During the energy transmission stage, within 1 s after the power supply network is
powered off, the voltage value measured between the power lines of the output
terminals of the AC power supply equipment or between the power lines and the
protective grounding conductor shall be less than or equal to 30 V (AC) (effective value),
or the equivalent stored electrical energy shall be less than or equal to 0.2 J.
7.2.6 Output overcurrent protection
During the energy transmission stage, the AC power supply equipment shall
continuously detect the actual working current of the on-board charger, which shall not
exceed the maximum power supply current corresponding to the PWM signal of the
AC power supply equipment and the maximum carrying capacity of the power supply
equipment components (such as relays and cables). When an overcurrent fault occurs,
the AC charging equipment shall stop charging and comply with the provisions of
A.3.10.9 and A.3.10.10 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8 DC charging safety
8.1 System design safety
8.1.1 Control pilot circuit
The DC power supply system has control pilot functions.
- For DC charging systems using the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface, the control
pilot circuits of electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall comply
with the provisions of Appendix A or B.2 and B.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- For DC charging systems using the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, the control
pilot circuits of electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall comply
with the provisions of C.2 and C.3 of GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.1.2 Short-circuit protection function
Electric vehicles and DC power supply equipment shall have short-circuit protection
function for the DC power supply circuit. When a short-circuit fault is detected in the
DC circuit, the DC power supply equipment shall trigger a fault shutdown and issue an
alarm signal.
8.1.3 Capacitive coupling
For DC power supply equipment with a rated output voltage not exceeding 500 V (DC),
the total capacitance between the DC output positive and negative poles and the ground
of each charging interface shall not be greater than 0.5 μF.
For DC power supply equipment with a rated output voltage greater than 500 V (DC),
one of the following conditions shall be met.
- During the energy transmission stage, the energy stored in the total capacitance
between the DC positive and negative poles connected to the power battery of the
DC power supply equipment and the ground, at its maximum operating voltage,
shall not be greater than 0.2 J.
- The output circuit of the DC power supply equipment adopts double insulation or
reinforced insulation measures.
8.1.4 Discharge circuit
The DC power supply equipment shall be equipped with a discharge circuit. During the
insulation self-test stage or when charging is terminated, the DC power supply
equipment shall discharge the charging output voltage in time. The selection of the
discharge circuit parameters shall ensure that the output voltage drops below 60 V (DC)
within 1 s after closing the discharge circuit switch.
charge.
- For a DC charging system using the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface, from the start
of insulation self-check stage to the end of the energy transmission stage, the
electric vehicle shall keep the electronic lock reliably locked. When the electronic
lock is not reliably locked, the electric vehicle shall trigger a fault shutdown; before
the insulation self-check, when the electronic lock is not locked as expected, the
electric vehicle shall not be able to charge.
8.1.7 Contact sticking detection function of high-voltage DC contactor
The DC power supply equipment and electric vehicles shall have the sticking detection
function of the high-voltage DC contactor in the DC power supply circuit; meanwhile
comply with the provisions of 7.9 and C.7.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023 (DC charging
system using GB/T 20234.4 vehicle interface).
8.1.8 Starting current limiting function
In the charging readiness stage (pre-charging), the DC power supply equipment shall
have the starting current limiting function, which shall comply with the provisions of
10.7.2 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
8.1.9 Fault protection function of thermal management system
The DC charging system with cooling charging connection device shall monitor the
working status of its thermal management system in real time. When the thermal
management system is detected to be abnormal (such as the speed of the heat exchange
device is too low), the DC power supply equipment shall actively limit the output
current to below the maximum working current of the non-cooling condition.
8.2 Charging abnormality protection
8.2.1 Communication timeout protection
During the charging process, when the communication message times out (including
communication line short circuit fault, circuit break fault, etc.), the electric vehicle and
the DC power supply equipment shall trigger a fault shutdown.
- For the DC charging system using the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and the
control pilot circuit conforming to Appendix A, during the energy transmission
stage, the DC power supply equipment shall reduce the current to 5 A or less within
2 s and disconnect the contactors K1 and K2 when the output current is ≤ 200 A;
when the output current is > 200 A, the current shall be reduced to 5 A or less within
3 s and disconnect the contactors K1 and K2, the current drop rate shall be ≥ 100
A/s. Electric vehicles shall disconnect vehicle disconnect devices K5 and K6,
within 5 seconds. The charging system stops data exchange.
- DC charging systems, that use the GB/T 20234.3 vehicle interface and whose
control pilot circuits comply with B.2 and B.3 in GB/T 18487.1-2023, comply with
the provisions of B.4.7.4 in GB/T 18487.1-2023.
- Charging systems, that use the GB/T 20234.4 vehicle inter...