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GB 16151.12-2008: Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery -- Part 12: Grain combine-harvester [including MODIFICATION 1]
GB 16151.12-2008
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 65.060.50
B 91
Replacing GB 16151.12-1996
Technical Requirements of Operating Safety for
Agricultural Machinery - Part 12: Grain Combine-
harvester
[Including 2009XG1]
ISSUED ON: JULY 4, 2008
IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 1, 2009
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People?€?s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3??
1 Scope ... 5??
2 Normative References ... 5??
3 Complete Machine ... 6??
4 Engine ... 9??
5 Transmission System ... 9??
6 Steering System ... 9??
7 Braking System ... 10??
8 Frame and Running System ... 11??
9 Header ... 11??
10 Threshing Part ... 12??
11 Grain Tank, Grass Collecting Box, Chaff Collecting Box and Stalk Chopper
... 12??
12 Cab and Outer Cover ... 12??
13 Hydraulic System ... 13??
14 Lighting and Signaling Device ... 13??
Appendix A (informative) Correspondence Table of Various Types of Combine-
harvesters and Related Clauses ... 16??
National Standard No.1 Amendment Sheet (2009XG1) ... 19??
Foreword
In this Part, 3.1, 3.3, 3.9, 3.11 ~ 3.22, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 7.2 ~ 7.9, 9.1, 9.4, 9.5, 10.1, 10.2,
10.5, 11.1, 11.2, 12.2, 12.4 and 12.5 are mandatory, and the remaining clauses are
recommended.
GB 16151 Technical Requirements of Operating Safety for Agricultural Machinery
includes the following parts:
---Part 1: Tractor;
---Part 5: Trailer;
---Part 12: Grain Combine-harvester.
This is Part 12 of GB 16151.
This Part is an amendment of GB 16151.12-1996. In comparison with GB 16151.12-
1996, the main technical content has the following differences:
---The requirements for the instructional manual, engine number and frame
number are added;
---The requirements for the operator?€?s operating position are added;
---The stipulations of the steering wheel, operating device and cab are added;
---The stipulations of the operating platform and seats are added;
---The stipulations of other types of ladders and platforms are added;
---The stipulations of safety signs for the grain tank are added;
---The requirements for the number plate holder are added;
---The requirements for warning signs for device failures are added;
---The technical requirements irrelevant to safety are deleted.
Starting from the date of implementation, this Part shall serve as a replacement of GB
16151.12-1996.
In this Part, Appendix A is informative.
This Part was proposed by the Ministry of Agriculture of the People?€?s Republic of China.
This Part shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Agricultural
Machinery of Standardization Administration of China.
Technical Requirements of Operating Safety for
Agricultural Machinery - Part 12: Grain Combine-
harvester
1 Scope
This Part of GB 16151 specifies the operating safety-related technical requirements
for the complete machine of grain combine-harvester (hereinafter referred to as the
harvester), and its engine, transmission system, steering system, braking system,
frame and running system, header, threshing part, grain tank, grass collecting box,
chaff collecting box, as well as stalk chopper, cab, outer cover, hydraulic system,
lighting and signaling device.
This Part is applicable to the technical inspection of operating safety of the harvester.
2 Normative References
Through the reference in this Part of GB 16151, the clauses of the following documents
become clauses of this Part. In terms of references with a specified date, all the
subsequent modification sheets (excluding the corrected content) or revised versions
are not applicable to this Part. However, the various parties that reach an agreement
in accordance with this Part are encouraged to explore the possibility of adopting the
latest version of these documents. In terms of references without a specified date, the
latest version is applicable to this Part.
GB 4785 Prescription for Installation of the External Lighting and Light-signaling
Devices for Motor Vehicles and Their Trailers (GB 4785-2007, ECE R48:2001, NEQ)
GB 10395.1 Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry - Technical Means for
Ensuring Safety - Part 1: General (GB 10395-2001, eqv ISO 4254-1:1989)
GB 10395.7 Tractors and Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry - Technical Means for
Ensuring Safety - Part 7: Combine Harvesters; Forage and Cotton Harvesters (GB
10395.7-2006, ISO 4254-7:1995, MOD)
GB 10396 Tractors, Machinery for Agriculture and Forestry, Powered Lawn and
Garden Equipment - Safety Signs and Hazard Pictorials - General Principles (GB
10396-2006, ISO 11684:1995, MOD)
3.16.1 The structure of the ladder shall not have any parts or protrusions that would
cause injuries. The handrails and pedals of the ladder shall have a reliable strength;
the surface of the pedals shall be non-slippery. The various parts shall be reliably fixed.
3.16.2 The height from the upper plane of the first step of the ladder to the ground shall
be not greater than 550 mm; the interval among the pedals shall be not greater than
300 mm. Under special circumstances (rice harvester, crawler walking wheel or tilt
compensation mechanism), the height of the lowest step of the ladder from the ground
may be greater than 550 mm, but shall not exceed 700 mm.
3.16.3 The gradient of the ladder shall be such that when you descend from the ladder,
you can see the outer edge of the next step of the ladder when you look down.
3.16.4 When the ladder moves upwards or downwards, it shall not cause squeezing,
or impact the operator or the attendees.
3.16.5 The depth of ladder pedal (the interval between the front edge of the step and
the adjacent parts): if there is a closed damper behind the ladder, then, the depth shall
be not less than 150 mm; if there is no closed damper, then, the depth shall be not less
than 200 mm. The depth of the steps of other get-on passages shall be not less than
150 mm.
3.16.6 The interval between the pedal of the ladder to the tyre shall be not less than
25 mm. The radial free clearance between the driving wheel and the upper part shall
be not less than 60 mm.
3.16.7 Handrails shall be provided on both sides of the ladder, so as to maintain the
operator in contact with the ladder at 3 points. The cross-sectional diameter of the
handrails shall be between 25 mm ~ 35 mm; the height of the lowest end of the
handrails from the ground shall be not greater than 1,600 mm. The rear side of the
handrails shall have a minimum clearance of 50 mm. A gripper shall be set at a height
of 1,000 mm from the highest step of the ladder; the length of the gripper shall be at
least 150 mm.
3.17 The ladders and passages to access the maintenance platform shall comply with
the requirements specified in 3.16. Under special circumstances (limited by height),
the height of the handrail may be less than 1,000 mm, but shall not be less than 650
mm.
On the maintenance platform, a guardrail with a height of 1,000 mm shall be set, so as
to prevent the staff from falling from the machine. Under special circumstances (limited
by height), the height of the guardrail / handrail may be less than 1,000 mm, but shall
not be less than 650 mm.
3.18 The parts where dangers would easily occur, shall be equipped with protective
devices in accordance with the stipulations of GB 10395.1. In addition, safety signs
shall be set up in obvious places.
than 30??.
6.2 On flat and dry roads, the steering shall be light and flexible; there shall be no
swings, jitters, deviations or other abnormal phenomena.
6.3 The operating force of the steering wheel: for mechanical steering gear, the
operating force shall be not greater than 250 N; for full hydraulic steering gear, the
operating force shall be not greater than 15 N (when the engine is turned off, the gear
pump stops running, and the manual steering pump is actuated, the operating force
shall be not greater than 600 N).
6.4 When the full hydraulic directive wheel turns from one side of limiting position to
the other side of limiting position, the number of turns of the steering wheel shall not
exceed 5 turns.
6.5 The hydraulic steering system shall be normally working. During operation, the
various hydraulic components and pipelines shall manifest no leakage.
7 Braking System
7.1 The brake pedal shall be non-slippery. The left and right pedals shall have a reliable
interlocking device and positioning device.
7.2 The operation of the brakes shall be smooth, sensitive and reliable. The braking
capacities of the brakes on both sides shall be basically the same; the pedal surfaces
of the left and right pedals shall be on the same plane.
7.3 The free stroke of the brake pedal shall comply with the stipulations of the technical
documents.
7.4 After the brake pedal or the handle generates the maximum braking effect, more
than one fifth of the reserve stroke shall be left.
7.5 The oil level of the hydraulic braking system shall be normal; the oil shall be
qualified; there shall be no oil leakage or air intake.
7.6 The operating force of the brake pedal shall be not greater than 600 N; the
operating force of the brake handle shall be not greater than 400 N.
7.7 The parking brake shall ensure that the harvester can be reliably parked upwards
or downwards on a longitudinal dry ramp with a gradient of 20% for the wheel type and
a gradient of 25% for the chain type, for a duration of greater than 5 min.
7.8 When the wheel-type self-propelled harvester runs in the transportation state at a
speed of 20 km/h (when it is lower than 20 km/h, the highest speed of the machine
shall be subject to) on dry and flat concrete or asphalt roads, its braking distance S
shall comply with the following stipulations:
device.
9.5 The bolts at the junction of the header or header trailer and the main engine shall
have measures to prevent falling off.
10 Threshing Part
10.1 The grain rods and spokes of the roller shall manifest no cracks.
10.2 After A-shaped grain rod is installed, the head of the bolt shall not be higher than
the convex pattern; the bolt of the grain rod shall be reliably fastened.
10.3 The roller shaft shall not be bent; the roller shall flexibly rotate, and without axial
movement.
10.4 The connection between the grain carrier beater and the feeding wheel and the
shaft shall be reliable, and the rotation shall be flexible. The spike tooth shall not be
reversely installed; the blade shall not be deformed.
10.5 When the harvester is equipped with a chopper behind the grain carrier beater, a
stalk clogging alarm shall be set.
11 Grain Tank, Grass Collecting Box, Chaff Collecting
Box and Stalk Chopper
11.1 On the outlet side of the distribution screw conveyor of the grain tank, a grid-
shaped protective shield shall be installed.
11.2 The moveable blade of the stalk chopper shall be reliably installed on the roller.
11.3 The power transmission system of the suspension type stalk chopper shall also
be separated when the threshing mechanism is separated. There shall be a safety
distance of at least 850 mm around the top of the blade. If the height of the lower edge
of the protective device from the horizontal ground is less than 1,100 mm, the safety
distance may be reduced to 550 mm.
12 Cab and Outer Cover
12.1 The cab shall ensure a good front vision. The included angle between the
horizontal plane of the machine and the line connecting the eye position to the front
end of the chopper shall be not less than 70??.
12.2 The minimum space size inside the cab shall comply with the stipulations of GB
10395.7.
GB 16151.12-2008 Technical Requirements of Operating
Safety for Agricultural Machinery - Part 12: Grain Combine-
harvester
National Standard No.1 Amendment Sheet (2009XG1)
This Amendment has been approved by the Standardization Administration of the People?€?s
Republic of China on June 10, 2009 and shall be implemented since July 1, 2009.
The modification of GB 16151.12-2008 Technical Requirements of Operating Safety
for Agricultural Machinery - Part 12: Grain Combine-harvester is as follows:
1. In Foreword, ?€?In this Part, 3.1, 3.3, 3.9, 3.11 ~ 3.22, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 7.2 ~ 7.9, 9.1,
9.4, 9.5, 10.1, 10.2, 10.5, 11.1, 11.2, 12.2, 12.4 and 12.5 are mandatory, and the
remaining clauses are recommended.?€? is modified into:
?€?In this Part, 3.1, 3.3, 3.9, 3.11 ~ 3.22, 4.2, 4.4, 4.5, 7.2 ~ 7.9, 9.1, 9.4, 9.5, 10.1,
10.2, 10.5, 11.1, 11.2, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.8, 12.9 and 14.9 are mandatory,
and the remaining clauses are recommended.?€?
2. In Foreword, ?€?The requirements for the instructional manual, engine number and
frame number are added;?€? is modified into:
?€?The requirements for the printing of engine model, complete-machine model and
exit-factory No. are added;?€?.
3. In Chapter 2 Normative References, ?€?NY 345.2 Combine Number Plate?€? is added.
4. In Clause 3.1, ?€?The label shall indicate the trademark brand, harvester model,
engine rated power, total mass, exit-factory No., exit-factory date (year and month)
and manufacturer?€?s name.?€? is modified into:
?€?The label shall indicate the trademark or brand, harvester model, engine rated
power, total mass, exit-factory No., manufacturing date (year and month) and
manufacturer?€?s name.?€?
5. In Clause 3.1, ?€?The complete-machine model and the exit-factory No. shall be
printed on the frame. For those harvesters without a frame, they shall be printed
on a component that cannot be dismantled and on the easily visible and rubbing
part. In terms of the printed characters, the height shall be 10 mm and the depth