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QC/T 850-2011: Polyurethane foam for seating of passenger car
QC/T 850-2011
QC
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.60
T 26
Polyurethane foam for seating of passenger car
ISSUED ON: MAY 18, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 01, 2011
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Announcement ... 3
Foreword ... 6
1 Scope ... 7
2 Normative references ... 7
3 Terms and definitions ... 8
4 Grading ... 8
5 Requirements ... 8
6 Test methods ... 10
7 Inspection rules ... 14
8 Marking, packaging, transport and storage ... 15
Annex A (Normative) Test methods for emission performance of interior materials .. 16
Annex B (Normative) Test on odor of foam for seating of passenger car ... 23
Annex C (Normative) Test method for fogging characteristics of foam material for
seating of passenger car ... 26
Polyurethane foam for seating of passenger car
1 Scope
This standard specifies the grading, requirements, test methods, inspection rules as well as
marking, packaging, transport and storage of cushions and backrests made from polyurethane
foam for foamed seating (with fixed shape) of passenger car.
This standard is applicable to polyurethane foam used as antishock and comfort cushion materials
for making cushions and backrests of seating of passenger car.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 291:
1997, IDT)
GB/T 3730.1-2001 Motor vehicles and trailers - Types - Terms and definitions
GB/T 6343-2009 Cellular plastics and rubbers - Determination of apparent density (ISO
845: 2006, IDT)
GB/T 6344-2008 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of tensile strength
and elongation at break (ISO 1798: 2008, IDT)
GB/T 6669-2008 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of compression set
(ISO 1856: 2000, IDT)
GB/T 6670-2008 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of resilience by ball
rebound (ISO 8307: 2007, MOD)
GB 8410-2006 Flammability of automotive interior materials
GB/T 9640-2008 Flexible and rigid cellular polymeric materials - Accelerated ageing tests
(ISO 2440: 1997, IDT)
GB/T 10807-2006 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of hardness
(indentation technique) (ISO 2439: 1997, IDT)
GB/T 10808-2006 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of tear strength (ISO
8067: 1989, IDT)
GB/T 18941-2003 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of fatigue by
constant-load pounding (ISO 3385: 1989, IDT)
GB/T 18942.1-2003 Flexible cellular polymeric materials - Determination of stress-strain
characteristics in compression - Part 1: Low-density materials (ISO
3386-1: 1996, IDT)
5.1.1 The foam parts for seating must be fully extruded by roller, press, vacuum or some
extrusion method on the production line to break the original cellular structure and ensure the
compression characteristics and hand feeling of the holes, minimize the initial loss of bearing
thickness during fatigue and ensure the dimensional stability of the whole part.
5.1.2 The adhesive strength of the material placed in the foaming mould and forming an integral
part of the foam part during foaming shall be greater than that of the foam.
5.1.3 The adhesive used shall be the one that does no damage to the foam, and the bonding
effect shall be at least as good as the foam itself. The adhesion between foams shall meet the
requirements of flammability specified in GB 8410-2006. The adhesive must also meet the odor
requirements.
5.1.4 Operate in accordance with normal production inspection and quality procedures. The
product shall be allowed to be repaired with the foam for repair or correction having the same
component and quality as the initial product. The foam for correction shall have no adverse effect
on the performance and the amount of dimension and shape changed not exceed the given
tolerance range.
5.1.5 There shall be no loose pellicle on the recognized important surface.
5.1.6 Polyurethane foam products shall meet the durability test requirements of the seating
assembly and, after the durability test of the seating assembly, the foam parts shall not adversely
affect the structure and appearance of the cover.
5.1.7 For the purposes of this standard, the materials limited by laws and regulations apply.
5.1.8 The product shall not irritate the skin after being completely solidified.
5.1.9 All products must bear identification such as part number, supply source and production
date. The identification must be positioned in such a way that it does not affect the appearance of
the finished product (at the lower surface of the cushion and the rear surface of the backrest) and
must be legible and distinguishable. The letter height shall be indicated on the product drawing.
5.2 Physical property requirements
Table 2 lists the property requirements of four grades of polyurethane foam for seating of
passenger car.
6.1.2 All test samples shall be placed under natural conditions for 72h after production. Before
the test, the samples shall be conditioned under standard test conditions for 16h, which shall be
free from deformation and distortion.
6.1.2 All specimens shall be cut from the indentation stress zone of the cushion and backrest of
the foam sample for seating of passenger car.
6.1.4 All foam samples shall be pre-pressurized twice to 70%~80% of their thickness before
conditioning or testing.
6.1.5 For each test, there shall be not less than 3 specimens. The arithmetic mean from 3 tests
shall be recorded. The test results of each specimen shall meet the required values set forth in this
standard.
6.2 Fatigue performance by constant-load pounding
It shall be tested in accordance with GB/T 18941-2003. Under a constant load of 750N, 80,000
times of uninterrupted pressure cycles shall be carried out to carry out the constant load impact
fatigue test.
6.3 Indentation hardness
6.3.1 The Method A in GB/T 10807-2006, 7.2 shall be used for testing the indentation hardness.
Unless otherwise specified on the part drawing, the indentation hardness shall be tested on the
whole specimen.
a) In the indentation hardness test, the indenter shall be operated at a constant speed of (100±20)
mm/min;
b) Measure the initial thickness under a contact force of 5
1 N after prepressing;
c) On the long foam parts for rear seating, the measured indentation hardness values at the left
and right measuring points shall not change by more than 10%.
6.3.2 The sample used for indentation hardness test shall be supported by a rigid support plate
which shall fully fill the obvious depressions on the foam bottom surface (Surface B). The test
surface of the foam supported by the support plate shall be parallel to the tester base in horizontal
position. The minimum size of the rigid support plate used for support shall be 380 mm× 380 mm.
The testing position of indentation hardness shall be marked on the part drawing and the upper
surface of foam sample.
6.4 Combustion performance
6.20 Compression deformation after damp heat ageing (50％)
The damp heat ageing test shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 9640-2008, 7.2, with a
test temperature of 105℃ and a relative humidity of 100% or keeping at the condition with
supersaturated steam for 3h.
6.21 Compression stress change after damp heat ageing
The damp heat ageing test shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 9640-2008, 7.2, with a
test temperature of 105℃ and a relative humidity of 100% or keeping at the condition with
supersaturated steam for 3h. Then the compression stress change test shall be carried out in
accordance with GB/T 18942.1-2003.
6.22 Rebound rate
It shall be tested in accordance with GB/T 6670-2008, 5.2.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection classification
7.1.1 End-of-manufacturing inspection
The end-of-manufacturing inspection items shall include density, appearance and hardness.
7.1.2 Type inspection
The type inspection items shall include all the items given in clause 5. In case of any of the
following conditions, type inspection shall be carried out:
a) trial production and stereotyping appraisement of new product;
b) significant changes take place in structure, raw material and process after formal production
which may affect the product property;
c) type inspection is conducted annually under normal production;
d) the production is resumed after a long-term shutdown (half a year);
e) the result of end-of-manufacturing inspection is greatly different from the previous type
inspection result;
f) the national quality supervision organization requires to carry out type inspection.
7.2 Sampling
The sampling method shall be in accordance with the documents approved through the specified
procedures.
7.3 Judgment rules
7.3.1 Where the dimensional deviation and appearance of 3 pieces are acceptable, this batch is
acceptable. If any item of any sample is rejected, remove the rejected pieces from the whole batch
and sample again and, if any sample is still rejected, this batch is rejected.
7.3.2 If any item of physical property is rejected, double samples shall be taken from the original
batch and the rejected item shall be re-inspected, and the arithmetic mean from the double samples
shall be taken as the result of re-inspection. If it is still rejected, this batch of products shall be
judged as rejected.
8 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
8.1 The product marking and certification shall be put in each packaging, with the content
covering product name, trademark, specification, model, color, net weight, production date, batch
number, manufacturer name and address, inspector’s seal, etc.
8.2 The products shall be packed in plastic bags or woven bags.
8.3 During the transport of products, smoking or open flames shall be strictly prohibited,
sunlight, rain, long-term compression and mechanical damage shall be avoided.
8.4 The products shall be stored in a clean, ventilated and dry warehouse and shall not be close
to heat sources or contact with chemicals.
EG — the total carbon volatilization, μg C/g (indicating μg C carbon is contained per gram of
sample);
K(G) — the calibration coefficient for acetone calibration;
2 — the coefficient, related to "g specimen", and calculated by filling 1g of sample or 2μL of
correction solution in a 10-mL bottle;
0.6204 — the coefficient, indicating the carbon content in acetone.
A.2 Test method for amine volatilization
A.2.1 Sampling
The specimen shall have a dimension of 50mm×50mm×20mm, with the quantity of 1 piece. The
specimen shall be taken from polyurethane foam materials which are produced no more than 3
days.
A.2.2 Test equipment
A sealed glass bottle with a bottle cap, a volume of about 1.0L, a bottle mouth diameter of about
75mm, and a height from bottle bottom to bottle mouth of about 150mm.
PVC standard surface, using that with an article number of 6 025 373 produced by
Benecke-Kaliko company. The validity period of PVC standard surface shall be 6 months.
A.2.3 Test
Place the specimen of flexible polyurethane foam materials at the bottom of a 1-L glass bottle.
Cover the PVC standard surface with a diameter of 80 mm to 85 mm on the glass bottle mouth,
with the front of the PVC standard surface facing the specimen of flexible polyurethane foam
materials, and then seal the glass bottle cap. Place the glass bottle containing the specimen in a
circulating air thermostat at 100℃ for 72 h.
A.2.4 Identification
After 72 hours of storage, take out the glass bottle, check for peculiar amine odor, and visually
evaluate the color change of PVC standard surface.
A.3 Test method for formaldehyde emission
Formaldehyde emission is the tendency of polyurethane foam to emit formaldehyde during storage
in specified climate and temperature.
A.3.4.2 Determination of formaldehyde content in water-based solution (using photometric
method of acetylacetone method).
Take 4mL of acetylacetone and pure it into a 1,000-mL volumetric flask, then add distilled water
to the 1,000mL scale. The solution must be tightly sealed, protected from light and stored for 4
weeks.
Weigh 200g of acetamide and pure it into a 1,000-mL volumetric flask and dissolve it into
1,000mL with distilled water.
Pipette 10mL of water-based solution from 6 polyethylene bottles respectively and put them into
six 50-mL bottles and add 10mL of acetylacetone solution and 10mL of acetamide solution into
each bottle. Shake the solutions well and heat them in a 40℃ pool for 15min. Protect them from
light and cool to room temperature (about 1h). Adjust the wavelength of the spectrophotometer to
412nm. Add distilled water and measuring solution into two cuvettes with optical path of 1cm
respectively, and measure the absorbance of the 6 groups of solutions with distilled water as
reference.
A.3.4.3 Calibration curve
Prepare the calibration curve with formaldehyde standard solution.
a) Formaldehyde standard solution
Pure about 1g of formaldehyde solution (concentration of 35% to 40%) into a 1,000-mL
volumetric flask and dilute to 1000mL scale with distilled water.
Mix 20mL of formaldehyde standard solution with 25mL of iodine solution (0.05mol/L) and
10mL of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L), place the mixed solution in the dark for 15min, add
into 15mL of sulfuric acid solution (1mol/L), and back titrate the remaining iodine with sodium
thiosulfate solution (0.1 mol/L). After titration is nearly finished, add a few drops of starch
solution (1％m/m) as indicator, then continue to drop the sodium thiosulfate solution (0.1mol/L)
into the mixed solution until it becomes colorless, and record the volume V of the sodium
thiosulfate solution used. Carry out the blank test in the same way with distilled water.