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MT/T 1090-2008: Evaluation of coal quality in coal resource exploration
MT/T 1090-2008
COAL INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 73.020
D 10
Record No.: 26891-2010
Evaluation of Coal Quality
in Coal Resource Exploration
ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 11, 2009
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2010
Issued by: State Administration of Work Safety
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Basic Requirements for Coal Quality Work in Coal Resource Exploration ... 5
4 Take Coal Sample ... 7
5 Package, Inspection and Storage of Coal Sample ... 11
6 Test of Coal Sample ... 12
7 Evaluation of Coal Quality ... 13
8 Coal Quality Report ... 17
Appendix A (Informative) Sampling and Testing Workload ... 21
Appendix B (Informative) Sample-Delivery Instructions ... 24
Evaluation of Coal Quality
in Coal Resource Exploration
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the requirements for evaluation of coal quality at various
stages of the coal resource exploration.
This Standard is applicable to the design preparation, sampling test, coal quality
research, and preparation of exploration report at various stages of the coal resource
exploration.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrigendum) or revisions do not apply to this Standard, however, parties
who reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest
versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document applies.
GB 5751 Chinese Classification of Coal
GB 6566 Limit for Radionuclides in Building Materials
GB/T 13908 General Requirements for Solid Mineral Exploration
GB/T 15224.1 Classification for Quality of Coal Part 1: Ash
GB/T 15224.2 Classification for Quality of Coal Part 2: Sulfur Content
GB/T 15224.3 Classification for Quality of Coal Part 3: Calorific Value
GB/T 16417 Method for Evaluating the Washability of Coal
GB/T 19224 Determining the Relative Degree of Oxidation in Bituminous Coal
GB/T 20104 Method for Identifying Tendency of Coal to Spontaneous Combustion
by Oxygen Absorption with Chromatograph
researching its process performance; evaluating their industrial use; proposing the coal
processing and their utilization direction; so that provide data for the study of coal
sedimentary environment, coal seam comparison and environmental protection. At
each stage of the coal resource exploration, coal quality data of neighboring production
mines shall be fully collected to provide basic data for the further development of coal
quality work.
3.2 Coal quality work in the reconnaissance stage
Generally-understand the general characteristics of coal types and coal quality; study
the original materials of coal, coal rock composition, as well as types of coal formation;
study the coal quality characteristics of each major coal seam, its changing law, and
the changing rules of major harmful components in coal; preliminarily analyze the coal
metamorphic factors. Sampling types, quantities, and test items can refer to Tables A.1
and A.2 in Appendix A.
3.3 Coal quality work in the prospecting stage
Roughly-determine the characteristics of coal types and coal quality in the mineable
coal seam; study the original materials of coal, coal rock composition, as well as types
of coal formation; study the coal quality characteristics of each major coal seam, its
changing law, and the changing rules of major harmful components in coal; further
analyze the metamorphic factors in each major coal seam. Sampling types, quantities,
and test items can refer to Tables A.1 and A.2 in Appendix A.
3.4 Coal quality work in general exploration stage
Basically-identify the coal quality characteristics and process performance of the
mineable coal seam; determine the coal types of the mineable coal seam; evaluate the
industrial utilization direction of coal; preliminarily identify the weathering zone
boundary of the major mineable coal seam; evaluate the degree of change of the coal
quality of coal seam; comprehensively study the physical and chemical characteristics
and changing law of each mineable coal seam; study the coal distribution law; make a
preliminary evaluation of the comprehensive utilization direction of coal and its impact
on the coal seam mining. The sampling types, quantities and test items can refer to
Tables A.1, A.2, and A.3 in Appendix A.
3.5 Coal quality work in detailed exploration stage
Find out in detail the characteristics of coal types and coal quality of mineable coal
seam, and their changes within the pre-mined area. According to the requirements of
development and construction, focus on studying the coal quality characteristics and
process performance related to the mining, washing, processing, sales, environmental
protection, utilization, etc. of the coal; and make corresponding evaluation. The
sampling types, quantities, and test items can refer to Appendix A, and Tables A.1, A.2,
and A.3.
4.2.2 The coal sample of coal core is generally taken as full-layer sample based on the
independent coal seam. When the coal quality is significantly different and the layer
thickness is greater than 0.5m, then take the stratified coal sample. When sampling
from the coal seam with complex structures, it shall be taken separately according to
the gangue and coal stratification.
4.2.3 The gangue larger than 0.01m to the minimum mineable thickness of coal seam
shall be sampled separately. For the gangue greater than the minimum mineable
thickness of coal seam, if it belongs to non-carbonaceous mudstones, it shall not be
sampled; if it belongs to carbonaceous mudstones or soft rocks, it shall be sampled
separately. The gangue with thickness less than or equal to 0.01m, it shall be sampled
together with the connected coal layer rather than be removed. The gangue of multiple
thin coal seam can be sampled separately, or combined with the same lithology to be
sampled.
4.2.4 When the false top and false bottom of the coal seam are carbonaceous
mudstones, full-layer samples shall be taken separately. If it belongs to the non-
carbonaceous mudstone, the layer thickness is greater than 0.1m, take sample of 0.1m;
if the layer thickness is less than 0.1m, all shall be sampled.
4.2.5 The coal sample of coal core needs to be sampled according to different coal
seams without shrinkage. When the coal seam thickness is large, it shall be sampled
in sections. The section thickness is generally no greater than 3.0m; the interval of
steeply inclined coal seams can be appropriately relaxed.
4.2.6 When taking out the coal core from the borehole to the end of the sampling, it
shall not exceed 8h for lignite, not exceed 24h for bituminous coal, and not exceed 48h
for anthracite. The mass of the coal sample of coal core shall be at least 1.5kg. If
special items of test are required, the number of samples can be determined according
to the test requirements.
4.3 Coal sample for testing washability
4.3.1 The coal sample for testing washability can be divided into two types including
size and float-sink test coal sample (also known as production sample), and coal
sample for testing washability of coal core coal sample (also known as simple sample).
4.3.2 The size and float-sink test coal sample shall be taken in the production mines
or exploration tunnels with a mass of no less than 10t. The sampling points shall be
arranged below the oxidized zone and in areas with normal coal seam thickness,
structure, and coal quality. Detailed geological records shall be made near the
sampling points. The coal sample shall include the mined gangues and naturally mixed
false top and false bottom vermiculite. Except where stratified sampling is required,
full-layer sampling is generally adopted. When taking all the coal from the coal seam
roof and floor in the sampling laneway, if the amount of mined coal is too large, it can
of the sample groove; calculate its volume. Use the same method to calculate the
volume of gangue (if the gangue shape is irregular, immerse it into the water to
measure its volume) with thickness greater than 0.05m. Accurately measure the mass
of all coal samples in the dry-air state; shrink a sample to determine the moisture, ash,
true density and apparent density, etc. Two volume and mass coal samples with similar
specifications shall be taken from the same sampling point; their measurement results
difference shall be no greater than 0.05t/m3. It the above value is exceeded, take a
third sample.
4.4.3 When taking full-moisture coal sample int eh tunnel, select the fresh coal surfaces
with no water dropping and normal temperature to take according to the requirements;
or use the size and float-sink coal sample and production coal sample to shrink by
quarter method. Place the coal sample with particle size less than 13mm and mass no
less than 2kg into ground-mouth sample bottle (the sample volume shall not exceed
3/4 of the volume of the coal sample bottle). The coal sample shrinkage, shipping into
bottle must be finished as quickly as possible in the sampling location, then
immediately sealed by the black tape, sealed by wax after transferring into the room.
Wipe the container surface, weigh it accurately (use a tray balance with sensitivity of
0.1g); label it properly; send it to the laboratory within 5d.
4.5 Coal sample of coal rock
4.5.1 For the coal sample of coal rock that reflects normal coal quality, its sampling
points shall avoid the abnormal zones such as fracture zone, wind-oxidization zone,
magmatite contact zone, spontaneous combustion metamorphic zone, etc. The coal
sample of coal rock with special research purposes needs to be taken at specific
location.
4.5.2 When sampling, the following contents shall be described in detail, such as coal
seam structure of the sampling point, physical properties of coal, macro coal type, top
and bottom lithology, nearby structural characteristics.
4.5.3 The coal sample of coal rock can be divided into mixed coal sample, columnar
coal sample, and lump coal sample. The mixed coal sample can be shrunk from coal
sample of coal seam, coal sample of coal core, and coal sample of washability. The
columnar coal sample can be taken from the trenches and tunnels; the well-structured
columnar coal core can be used as the columnar coal rock sample. When the coal
quality is hard, the continuous lump coal samples can be used instead of columnar
coal sample. If the coal core and coal seam in the tunnel are not suitable for taking the
columnar coal sample, discontinuous lump coal can be picked as coal sample of coal
rock.
4.6 Coal sample of spore and pollen
4.6.1 The coal samples of spore and pollen for the different research purposes shall
method (while-lane method, pumping method, interception method on the belt
conveyor, etc.); lithology of false top, false bottom and gangue; thickness; mixing
condition of waste rock and whether there are people to pick them by hand, etc.
5.3 Storage of coal sample
The exploration organization generally does not keep the retained samples. The
following coal samples, such as coal sample of coal seam, coal sample of coal core,
coal sample of coal rock, coal sample of spore and pollen, etc., shall be kept by the
testing organization for analysis samples (or briquettes). The testing organization shall
take certain measures to prevent the oxidization of the coal samples. The storage time
is generally half a year since the date of test results are reported, namely, after the
quality review of test item involved in the sample is completed. If there is agreed
storage time, it shall be abided by.
6 Test of Coal Sample
6.1 Sample treatment
After receiving the coal sample, the testing organization shall check the sample in time.
If the coal sample instructions are inconsistent with the coal sample number label,
immediately send it to the inspection organization for checking. After confirming no
error, the delivered sample shall be successively classified, numbered with password;
and the sample shall be pre-processed, shrunk, prepared sample according to the
corresponding technical specifications; then hand them over to the test personnel for
indoor testing.
6.2 Sample test
The test personnel shall firstly check the sample password; then test according to the
corresponding test specifications. The operation process shall be strict and regulated.
The original records shall be true and reliable. The test report shall be scientific and
true. If the test results deviate due to the quantity and quality of delivered sample, test
environment, and other factors, it shall be noted in the test report.
6.3 External inspection test
When testing the sample, the external inspection comparison test shall be carried out;
the quantity of external inspection shall be no less than 1%.
6.4 Gangue sample
The gangue or top and bottom waste rock sample shall be conducted industrial
analysis and full-sulfur analysis; meanwhile increase the measurements of calorific
value, true relative density, trace elements, harmful compositions, ash compositions,
provisions of MT/T 561.
7.2.6 Yield of volatile matter of coal
The quality classification of yield of volatile matter of coal shall be carried out as per
the provisions of MT/T 849.
7.2.7 Coal ash fusibility
The coal ash fusibility is an important quality parameter for evaluating the coal used
for drive and gasification. Generally, 4 temperatures are used to evaluate the coal ash
fusibility: deformation temperature, softening temperature, hemisphere temperature,
and flow temperature. The quality classification of softening temperature of coal ash
fusibility shall be carried out as per the provisions of MT/T 853.1; while the quality
classification of flow temperature of coal ash fusibility shall be carried out as per the
provisions of MT/T 853.2.
7.2.8 Thermal stability of coal
The thermal stability of coal...