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GB 17927.2-2011: Upholstered furniture -- Assessment of the resistance to ignition of mattress and sofa -- Part 2: Match flame equivalent
GB 17927.2-2011
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.140
Y 80
Upholstered furniture - Assessment of the resistance
to ignition of mattress and sofa -
Part 2: Match flame equivalent
(ISO 8191-2:1988, Furniture - Assessment of the ignitability of upholstered
furniture - Part 2: Ignition source: match flame equivalent, NEQ)
ISSUED ON: JUNE 16, 2011
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 01, 2011
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of the PRC;
Standardization Administration of the PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3??
1 Scope ... 5??
2 Terms and definitions ... 5??
3 Ignition criteria ... 6??
3.1 Afterglow ignition ... 6??
3.2 Flaming ignition ... 7??
4 Principle ... 7??
5 Test safety facilities ... 8??
5.1 Test room ... 8??
5.2 Fire extinguishing device... 8??
6 Test apparatus ... 8??
6.1 Timer ... 8??
6.2 Ignition source system ... 8??
6.3 Test platform ... 9??
7 Pretreatment and test environments ... 9??
7.1 Pretreatment environment ... 9??
7.2 Test environment ... 9??
8 Test procedure ... 9??
8.1 Specimen placement ... 9??
8.2 Ignition source system preparation ... 9??
8.3 Ignition source placement ... 9??
8.4 Observation and recording of the combustion process ... 10??
8.5 Final inspection ... 10??
8.6 Assessment of resistance to ignition ... 11??
9 Product identification ... 11??
10 Test report ... 11??
Appendix A (Informative) Gas flow control ... 13??
Appendix B (Informative) Test flow chart of resistance to ignition of upholstered
furniture by a match flame equivalent ... 14??
Upholstered furniture - Assessment of the resistance
to ignition of mattress and sofa -
Part 2: Match flame equivalent
1 Scope
This Part of GB 17927 specifies the method and assessment rules for the test
of the resistance to ignition of upholstered furniture by using an ignition source
of match flame equivalent.
This Part is applicable to the test and assessment of the resistance to ignition
of upholstered furniture such as mattress and sofa used in public places. The
test and assessment of the resistance to ignition of upholstered furniture unit
can refer to it for implementation.
2 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
2.1
Progressive smouldering
An exothermic oxidation reaction without flames. After being separated from the
ignition source, it will spread by itself, sometimes accompanied by incandescent
luminescence.
2.2
Flaming
A gaseous combustion process accompanied by luminescence.
2.3
Afterflame
The continuous flaming of the specimen after the ignition source is removed
under the specified test conditions.
2.4
a) The afterglow characteristics gradually intensify on the specimen, which
will endanger the safety if the test is continued; and effective fire
extinguishing measures must be taken;
b) During the test, the upholstered part is almost completely ignited by
afterglow;
c) During the test, the specimen is ignited to the end by afterglow; that is, the
upper edge, lower edge, side, or the entire thickness of the specimen;
d) In the final inspection, in any direction except that closest to the top of the
ignition source, outside the range of 100 mm away from the ignition source,
any scorching phenomenon other than discoloration appears on the
specimen.
However, any smouldering extinguished within 120 s after the ignition source is
removed is not counted.
3.2 Flaming ignition
In this Part, the following conditions are regarded as flaming ignition:
a) The afterflame phenomenon gradually intensifies on the specimen, which
will endanger the safety if the test is continued; and effective fire
extinguishing measures must be taken;
b) During the test, the upholstered part is almost completely ignited by
afterflame;
c) During the test, the front end of the combustion flame has reached the
lower edge, side or through the entire thickness of the specimen.
However, any flaming extinguished within 120 s after the ignition source is
removed is not counted.
4 Principle
Use a match flame equivalent as the ignition source to conduct an ignition test
on the upholstered furniture, to determine the resistance to ignition of the whole
upholstered part including the fabric, lining and filler of the specimen. However,
the test results do not indicate the resistance to ignition of a certain constituent
material.
5 Test safety facilities
5.1 Test room
The test room can be a room with a volume greater than 20 m3 (containing
enough oxygen for the test), or a small space with ventilation facilities. The air
flow rate, supplied by the air supply and exhaust system, around the test bench
is 0.02 m/s~0.2 m/s. It shall contain enough oxygen and does not interfere with
the combustion test.
5.2 Fire extinguishing device
Considering that certain material combinations may produce violent combustion
during the test, it is necessary to provide sufficient effective fire extinguishing
facilities.
6 Test apparatus
6.1 Timer
The timing range of the timer shall not be less than 1 h, with an accuracy of 1
s.
6.2 Ignition source system
Use butane, which is equivalent to a match flame, as the ignition source. The
design of the ignition source can provide the heat equivalent to that of a burning
match. The ignition source system includes:
a) Stainless steel combustion tube: One; the outer diameter is (8.0??0.1)mm;
the inner diameter is (6.5??0.1)mm; the length is (200??5)mm;
b) Hose: The length shall be 2.5 m~3 m; the inner diameter shall be (7??1)mm;
it shall be connected to the stainless steel combustion tube;
c) Flow control system: It includes a flowmeter, fine-tuning valve, on-off valve,
and pressure-regulating valve; is connected to the butane cylinder. The
flow rate calibrated by the flowmeter shall be able to meet the requirement
of measuring the flow of butane gas at 25 ??C to be (45??2)mL/min. The
nominal output pressure provided by the system is 2.8 kPa.
Note 1: A stainless steel combustion tube similar in size to a) can also be used. However,
within the 50 mm length of the combustion tube from the nozzle (flame port), the
inner and outer diameters must be machined to reach the specified size.
in the groove of the quilting line, or on the button for testing. At the same time,
start the timer to start timing. The combustion tube shall be placed in horizontal
contact with the specimen. After the combustion tube burns on the specimen
for (15??1)s, it is carefully moved away from the test part, to terminate the ignition.
8.3.2 Sofa
Place the combustion tube along the joint between the seat cushion and the
backrest of the sofa; or place it in other parts where the sofa is most likely to be
ignited, e.g. local depressions such as the inner side of the seam and the pits
of the quilting line. And make the distance between the ignition source and the
two ends of the specimen or the trace left by the previous test at least 50 mm.
At the same time, start the timer to start timing. After the combustion tube burns
on the specimen for (15??1)s, it is carefully moved away from the test part, to
terminate the ignition.
8.4 Observation and recording of the combustion process
Observe and record all afterflame or afterglow on the surface and inside of the
specimen. Any combustion phenomena such as afterflame or afterglow, which
extinguish themselves within 120 s after the combustion tube is removed, need
not be recorded.
If after the combustion tube is removed for 120 s and up to 1 h, afterflame or
afterglow is observed, it indicates that the specimen has not passed the test of
resistance to ignition by a match flame equivalent. The test shall be stopped
immediately for fire extinguishing treatment. Record the elapsed time from
placing the ignition source to extinguishing the ignited specimen; complete the
test report.
If no afterflame or afterglow is found within 1 h, these phenomena shall be
recorded. And in other positions that meet the requirements of 8.3.1 or 8.3.2,
repeat the above test. If there is still no afterflame or afterglow phenomenon, it
shall be recorded; and carry out the final inspection of the specimen.
8.5 Final inspection
Carefully check the surface and interior of the specimen for any undetected
afterflame or afterglow phenomenon. If so, immediately extinguish the
specimen. And measure the range of the burned part; record the range
(maximum length, width and depth) of the burned part (horizontal, vertical) in
mm.
For safety reasons, the test personnel shall ensure that, before leaving, the
specimen is completely extinguished.
8.6 Assessment of resistance to ignition
When the test and inspection are carried out in accordance with the provisions
of 8.3, 8.4 and 8.5, if the combustion tube is removed for 120 s and up to 1 h,
and no afterflame or afterglow phenomenon is observed on the surface or inside
of the specimen; the specimen is regarded as resistance-to-ignition level II and
to pass the test of resistance to ignition by a match flame equivalent. Otherwise,
the specimen is regarded not to pass the test of resistance to ignition by a match
flame equivalent; and record the range of the burned part.
Note: Refer to Appendix B for the test procedure.
9 Product identification
The manufacturer shall identify the resistance-to-ignition level of the product.
10 Test report
The test report shall include the following:
1) The standard name and standard number used in the test;
2) A brief description of the structure of the specimen;
3) The type of ignition source;
4) Whether the specimen is ignited each test. Carry out the test according to
8.4; if the repeated test finds afterflame or afterglow, the overall result is
assessed as "failing the test of resistance to ignition by a match flame
equivalent". According to the final inspection of 8.5, if afterflame or
afterglow phenomenon is found, the result is also assessed as "failing the
test of resistance to ignition by a match flame equivalent";
5) Record the range (length, width, and depth) of the burned part (horizontal,
vertical) of each test;
6) Fire extinguishing measures for each test;
7) Specimen pretreatment environment, time, test environment;
8) Typical characteristics of combustion: Such as melting, dripping, scorching,
the development process from afterglow to afterflame;
9) The time of the main items, such as the time for specimen afterflame or
afterglow, the time for the fabric to crack, and the time for the specimen to