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GB 14166-2024: Safety-belts and restraint systems for occupants of power-driven vehicles
GB 14166-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.60
CCS T 26
Replacing GB 14166-2013
Safety-belts and restraint systems for occupants of power-
driven vehicles
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Technical requirements ... 16
5 Test methods ... 25
6 Requirements for installation on vehicles ... 37
7 Instructions for use... 46
8 Determination of the same type ... 47
9 Implementation of standards ... 47
Appendix A (Normative) Installation requirements for adult safety belts and restraint
systems, ISOFIX child restraint systems, i-Size child restraint systems, booster seat
child restraint systems for forward-facing motor vehicle seats ... 48
Appendix B (Normative) Dummy ... 75
Appendix C (Normative) Test arrangement ... 85
Appendix D (Normative) Corrosion test ... 87
Appendix E (Normative) Wear and micro-slip test ... 89
Appendix F (Normative) Double buckle test ... 92
Appendix G (Normative) Schematic diagram of retractor durability test equipment . 93
Appendix H (Normative) Schematic diagram of retractor emergency locking test
equipment ... 94
Appendix I (Normative) Schematic diagram of the dust test equipment ... 95
Appendix J (Normative) Pulley, seat, fixings, parking mechanism ... 96
Appendix K (Normative) Description of pulley deceleration or acceleration-time curve
... 101
Appendix L (Normative) Minimum requirements for safety belt and retractors ... 102
Appendix M (Normative) Safety belt reminder device test ... 104
Appendix N (Normative) Instructions for use ... 108
References ... 110
Safety-belts and restraint systems for occupants of power-
driven vehicles
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements, installation requirements on
vehicles, use requirements of safety belts and restraint systems for motor vehicle
occupants; describes the corresponding test methods and the same type determination.
This document applies to:
- Categories M and N vehicles where safety belts and restraint systems installed as
independent equipment for adult occupants on forward-facing seats, rearward-
facing seats, side-facing seats;
- Categories M and N vehicles whose forward-facing seats, rearward-facing seats,
side-facing seats are equipped with safety belts and restraint systems as
independent equipment for adult occupants;
- Categories M and N vehicles with child restraint systems installed;
- All seating positions where safety belts and corresponding safety belt reminders
are installed on categories M and N vehicles;
- The installation of safety belts and integrated universal ISOFIX child restraint
systems designed and installed for side-facing seats of category M3 (II, III or B)
vehicles on vehicles, but only when required by the vehicle manufacturer.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references,
only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated
references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document.
GB 4094 Motor vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
GB/T 8427 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial light:
Xenon arc
GB 11551 The protection of the occupants in the event of a frontal collision for
motor vehicle
4.2.1.4 The position and installation method of the rigid and plastic parts of the safety
belt shall ensure that they will not be caught under the sliding seat or squeezed by the
door when the vehicle is in normal use.
4.2.1.5 If any part does not meet the requirements of 4.2.1.4, the part shall be subjected
to low temperature impact test in accordance with 5.5.4. After the test, if the plastic
covering or protective layer of the rigid part has visible cracks, the plastic part shall be
removed and the safety of the remaining part shall be tested. If the remaining part is
still safe or has no visible cracks, it shall be further evaluated in accordance with the
test requirements specified in 4.2.2, 4.2.3, 4.4.
4.2.2 Buckle
4.2.2.1 The buckle shall be able to eliminate any possibility of misoperation, especially
the buckle shall not be in a partially engaged position. The method of opening the
buckle shall be clear. The contact area of the buckle part that may contact the wearer's
body shall not be less than 2000 mm2 and the width shall not be less than 46 mm, at a
distance of no more than 2.5 mm from the contact surface. For the buckle part of the
harness belt, if the contact area between the buckle and the wearer's body is within 2000
mm2 ~ 4000 mm2, it is also considered to meet the buckle contact area and width
requirements.
4.2.2.2 Regardless of the position of the vehicle, the buckle shall remain locked even if
it is not under force. There shall be no possibility of opening the buckle accidentally or
with a force less than 10 N. The buckle shall be easy to use and lock. When the buckle
is not under force or when under the force conditions specified in 5.8.2, the buckle shall
be able to be opened by the wearer from a certain direction with a simple one-handed
movement. In addition, when the safety belt assembly is used in the front outer seat
position (except for the harness belt), the buckle shall also be able to be inserted by the
wearer from a certain direction using a simple one-handed movement. The buckle shall
be opened by pressing a button or a similar device. When the button is in the actual
open position and projected onto a plane perpendicular to the initial movement direction
of the button, the opening force application surface shall meet the following
dimensional requirements.
a) For closed buckle-release buttons: The area is not less than 450 mm2, the width is
not less than 15 mm.
b) For unclosed buckle-release buttons: The area is not less than 250 mm2, the width
is not less than 10 mm.
c) The buckle button surface shall be red; the rest of the buckle shall not be red.
d) It is allowed to set a part of the buckle as a red warning light; however, the warning
light shall go out when the occupant sits in that position and fastens the safety
belt. If the warning light illuminating the buckle is a color other than red, the
warning light may not go out after the occupant fastens the safety belt; however,
the lighting of these warning lights shall no longer affect the occupant's
perception of the red button or other red warning lights that open the buckle.
4.2.2.3 After the test in accordance with 5.5.3, the buckle shall be able to work normally.
4.2.2.4 Before the dynamic test specified in 5.7, the buckle shall be subjected to 5000
opening and closing cycles under normal use conditions; for the buckle of the harness
belt, the test may be carried out without all the lock tongues inserted.
4.2.2.5 When tested in accordance with 5.8, the buckle opening force shall not exceed
60 N.
4.2.2.6 The buckle shall be subjected to strength tests in accordance with 5.5.1 and 5.5.5
(when applicable). When subjected to the specified load, the buckle shall not break,
deform seriously or open by itself.
4.2.2.7 When two buckles are combined into one component for common use by two
assemblies, if the buckle component belonging to one assembly is inserted into the
matching component belonging to the other assembly (if the buckle can be assembled
by this method when used), the dynamic test and opening test shall also be carried out
in accordance with 5.7 and 5.8.
4.2.3 Safety belt adjustment device
4.2.3.1 When the wearer puts on the safety belt, the safety belt shall automatically adjust
to suit the wearer, or be easy for the wearer to use, or allow the safety belt to be tightened
with one hand to suit the wearer's body size and the position of the vehicle seat.
4.2.3.2 Test two samples of each safety belt adjustment device in accordance with 5.3.
The slippage of the strap of each adjustment device sample shall not exceed 25 mm; the
total movement of all adjustment devices shall not exceed 40 mm.
4.2.3.3 Perform strength tests on all adjustment devices in accordance with 5.5.1. When
subjected to the specified load, they shall not break or disengage.
4.2.3.4 After the test in accordance with 5.5.6, the operating force of any manual
adjustment mechanism shall not exceed 50 N.
4.2.4 Attachments and height adjusters
Attachments shall be subjected to strength tests in accordance with the provisions of
5.5.1 and 5.5.2. Safety belt height adjusters that have not been tested in accordance with
4.5.1 and 5.4.1 of GB 14167-2024 shall be subjected to strength tests in accordance
with 5.5.2. The above parts shall not break or come apart under the specified load.
4.2.5 Retractor
4.2.5.3 Emergency locking retractor
4.2.5.3.1 When tested according to 5.6.2, the emergency locking retractor shall meet
the following requirements.
a) For type 4 retractors, the retractor shall be locked when the vehicle deceleration
reaches 0.45 g (g = 9.81 m/s2); for type 4N retractors, the retractor shall be locked
when the vehicle deceleration reaches 0.85 g.
b) For type 4 retractors, when the acceleration value of the strap measured in the
direction of strap pulling is less than 0.8 g, the retractor shall not be locked; for
type 4N retractors, when the acceleration value is less than 1.0 g, the retractor
shall not be locked.
c) When the sensitive device is tilted less than or equal to 12?? in any direction at the
installation position specified by its manufacturer, the retractor shall not be locked.
d) For type 4 retractors, when the sensitive device is tilted more than 27?? in any
direction at the installation position specified by its manufacturer, the retractor
shall be locked; for type 4N retractors, when the sensitive device is tilted more
than 40?? in any direction at the installation position specified by its manufacturer,
the retractor shall be locked.
e) When the retractor is controlled by an external signal or power source, if the signal
or power source fails or is interrupted, the retractor shall be able to lock
automatically. For composite sensitive retractors, if only one sensitivity triggering
requires external signal or power source control and the driver can be alerted by
sound or visual signal when the signal or power source fails, the requirements of
4.2.5.3.1 e) may be exempted.
Note: For single-sensitivity retractors, only the vehicle deceleration requirement is valid.
4.2.5.3.2 When tested in accordance with 5.6.2, emergency locking retractors with
composite sensitivity (including belt sense) shall meet the specified requirements; the
retractor shall be locked when the belt acceleration measured in the pull-out direction
is not less than 3.0 g.
4.2.5.3.3 For the tests mentioned in 4.2.5.3.1 and 4.2.5.3.2, the amount of strap pull-out
produced before the retractor locks shall not exceed 50 mm, measured from the initial
length given in 5.6.2.1. For the test mentioned in 4.2.5.3.1 b), the strap shall not lock
from the initial length given in 5.6.2.1 to the time when the strap is pulled out 50 mm.
4.2.5.3.4 If the retractor is part of the lap belt, the strap retraction force shall be not less
than 7 N when measured on the free length between the dummy and the retractor
according to 5.6.4.
If the retractor is part of the diagonal belt, the strap retraction force shall be not less
than 1 N and not more than 7 N when similarly measured, except when a force reduction
device is installed. In this case, the retraction force may be reduced to 0.5 N only when
the force reduction device is in operating mode. If the strap passes through a guide
device or guide wheel, the retraction force shall be measured on the free length between
the dummy and the guide device or guide wheel.
If the retractor assembly is equipped with a manual or automatic device to prevent the
strap from being fully retracted, the retraction force shall be measured when the device
is not in operation.
If the retractor assembly is equipped with a force reduction device, when evaluating the
requirements for the locking performance and retracting force performance of the
retractor before and after the durability test conducted in accordance with 4.2.5.3.5, the
strap retracting force specified in this article shall be measured with the force reduction
device in effect and ineffective.
4.2.5.3.5 After the retractor is tested in accordance with the following steps, it shall be
able to operate normally and meet the requirements of 4.2.5.1.1, 4.2.5.3.3, 4.2.5.3.4:
a) Pull out the strap according to the method specified in 5.6.1; perform 40000
repeated pull-out and retracting tests;
b) Perform the corrosion test specified in 5.2 and the dust test specified in 5.6.3;
c) Repeat 5000 pull-out and retracting tests according to the method in 4.2.5.3.5 a)
(a total of 45000 tests).
Note: If the retractor assembly is equipped with a force reduction device, the above tests shall
be conducted with the force reduction device in effect and ineffective.
4.2.5.4 Additional requirements
After completing the durability test in accordance with 4.2.5.3.5 and the retracting force
measurement in accordance with 4.2.5.3.4, the retractor shall meet the following
requirements:
a) When the retractor (except the automatic locking retractor) is tested in accordance
with 5.6.4.2, it shall be able to eliminate the slack between the human torso and
the safety belt;
b) When the buckle is unhooked and the lock tongue is released, the retractor shall
be able to retract all the straps individually.
4.2.5.5 Retractor strength test
The retractor shall be subjected to strength test in accordance with 5.5.1 and 5.5.2; it
shall not break or disengage.
4.4.1.2 Two sets...