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GB 11564-2024: Retro-reflective devices and markings for motor vehicles
GB 11564-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.20
CCS T 38
Replacing GB 11564-2008, GB 19151-2003, GB 23254-2009, GB 25990-2010
Retro-reflective Devices and Markings for Motor Vehicles
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People?€?s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 6
4 Requirements ... 10
5 Test Methods ... 24
6 Judgment of the Same Type ... 40
7 Inspection Rules ... 40
8 Equipment and Installation Requirements ... 46
9 Implementation of Standard ... 46
Appendix A (informative) CIE Co-ordinate System for Retro-reflection ... 47
Appendix B (normative) Requirements for the Shape and Dimensions of Retro-
reflective Area of Retro-reflective Device ... 48
Appendix C (normative) Requirements for the Test Device of Luminosity Properties
... 55
Appendix D (normative) Test Equipment and Method of Triangles ... 58
Appendix E (normative) Test Procedures of Type Inspection ... 60
Appendix F (normative) Pasting or Installation Requirements for Retro-reflective
Marking ... 66
Appendix G (normative) Installation Requirements for Marking Plate ... 80
Retro-reflective Devices and Markings for Motor Vehicles
1 Scope
This document stipulates the requirements, test methods, judgment of the same type, inspection
rules, equipment and installation requirements for the retro-reflective devices and markings for
motor vehicles.
This document is applicable to the design, production, inspection and installation of retro-
reflectors, retro-reflective markings of carriage, rear marking plate for vehicles and their trailers,
and warning triangles for motor vehicles installed, pasted or equipped on motor vehicles.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 2423.1 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Methods
- Tests A: Cold
GB/T 2423.2 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test Methods
- Tests B: Dry Heat
GB/T 2423.17 Environmental Testing for Electric and Electronic Products - Part 2: Test
Methods - Test Ka: Salt Mist
GB/T 3681.2-2021 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Solar Radiation - Part 2: Direct
Weathering and Exposure behind Window Glass
GB/T 3978-2008 Standard Illuminants and Geometric Conditions
GB/T 3979 Methods for the Measurement of Object Color
GB 4785 Prescription for Installation of the External Lighting and Light-signaling Devices for
Motor Vehicles and Their Trailers
GB/T 8427 Textiles - Tests for Color Fastness - Color Fastness to Artificial Light: Xenon Arc
Fading Lamp Test
GB/T 10485 Road Vehicles - Lighting and Light-signaling Devices - Environmental Endurance
GB/T 16422.2 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc
Lamps
After carrying out the solvent resistance test in accordance with the method specified in 5.7,
there shall be no obvious change or deformation in the retro-reflective area of the retro-
reflective device, and there shall be no adhesion between the triangles and their protective
devices. The nighttime color of the retro-reflector re-tested in accordance with the method
specified in 5.4.1 shall comply with the requirements of 4.1.4.1; the daytime color of other
retro-reflective devices re-tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.4.2 shall comply
with the requirements of 4.1.4.2. Re-test the luminosity properties in accordance with the
method specified in 5.3.5, and the coefficient of luminous intensity of the triangles shall not be
less than 80% of the value specified in Table 4. Other retro-reflective devices shall comply with
the requirements of 4.1.3.
4.1.7 Temperature resistance
After carrying out the temperature resistance performance test in accordance with the method
specified in 5.8, the retro-reflective area of the retro-reflector shall have no obvious cracks,
deformation and other defects; the retro-reflective sheeting and fluorescent materials shall have
no wrinkles, bubbles, peeling and other defects; the protective devices for the triangles shall be
easy to open and not stick or tear. After the high-temperature resistance test, the retro-reflector
shall be tested for luminosity properties in accordance with the method specified in 5.3.1, and
shall comply with the requirements of 4.1.3; other retro-reflective devices shall be re-tested for
luminosity properties in accordance with the method specified in 5.3.5; the coefficient of
luminous intensity of the triangles shall not be less than 80% of the value specified in Table 4;
other retro-reflective devices shall comply with the requirements of 4.1.3.
4.1.8 Salt spray corrosion resistance
After carrying out the salt spray corrosion test in accordance with the method specified in 5.9,
the retro-reflective device (except the triangles) shall have no trace of corrosion. The luminosity
properties re-tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.3.5 shall comply with the
requirements of 4.1.3. The nighttime color of the retro-reflector re-tested in accordance with
the method specified in 5.4.1 shall comply with the requirements of 4.1.4.1, and the daytime
color of other retro-reflectors re-tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.4.2 shall
comply with the requirements of 4.1.4.2; the retro-reflective sheeting and fluorescent materials
shall be free of softening, wrinkles, bubbles, discoloration and other defects, and the 180??? peel
strength of the backing adhesive shall be not less than 20 N/50 mm.
4.1.9 Impact resistance
After carrying out the impact resistance test in accordance with the method specified in 5.10,
the retro-reflective area of Class IV A retro-reflector and retro-reflector for the markings of
carriage shall manifest no cracks; the retro-reflective sheeting for the markings of carriage and
the marking plate shall have no cracks, interlayer detachment or other damage outside the
circular area with the impact point as the center and a radius of 6 mm.
4.2 Special Requirements
4.2.1 Retro-reflector
4.2.1.1 Structure
The structure of the retro-reflector shall comply with the following requirements:
a) The retro-reflector has a stable structure and its constituent parts are not easy to
disassemble;
b) The retro-reflecting optical units of the retro-reflector cannot be replaced, but for
Class III A or Class III B retro-reflectors whose retro-reflective area is composed of
independent retro-reflecting optical units, each independent retro-reflecting optical
unit is allowed to be replaced with a Class I A retro-reflector;
c) The inner surface of the retro-reflecting optical unit cannot be in direct contact;
d) When it is composed of an optical unit and a color filter, the required color of the
color filter shall not be obtained by painting.
4.2.1.2 Wear resistance of mirror back
The mirror back of the retro-reflector is open or detachable, and the mirror back test of the
retro-reflecting optical unit shall be carried out in accordance with the method specified in
5.11.2. After the test, the luminosity properties re-tested in accordance with the method
specified in 5.3.5 shall not be lower than 60% of those before the test.
4.2.2 Material of retro-reflective marking
4.2.2.1 Retro-reflective sheeting for the markings of carriage
4.2.2.1.1 Markings
The retro-reflective area of the white unit of Class A retro-reflective marking shall be marked
with the manufacturer?€?s logo and material grade, etc. by printing or molding; the retro-reflective
area of Class B retro-reflective marking shall be marked with the manufacturer?€?s logo, etc. by
printing or molding; the distance between adjacent markings shall be no more than 500 mm.
The applied markings shall be easily identifiable, and printed markings shall be on the inner
surface of the facing.
4.2.2.1.2 Washdown resistance
After carrying out the washdown resistance test in accordance with the method specified in
5.11.3, the retro-reflective sheeting for the markings of carriage shall not manifest damage,
color falling-off, wrinkles, as well as edge warps and peeling off, etc.
4.2.2.1.3 Bending resistance
After carrying out the bending resistance test in accordance with the method specified in 5.11.4,
the retro-reflective sheeting for the markings of carriage shall not manifest any traces of cracks,
peeling or interlayer detachment.
force shall not be greater than 40 mm, and the displacement after the external force is removed
shall not be greater than 5 mm.
4.2.3.3.2 Rear marking plate for heavy vehicles and long vehicles
When conducting the robustness test in accordance with the method specified in 5.11.6.2, the
displacement of the rear marking plate for heavy vehicles and long vehicles in the loaded state
shall not be greater than 1/20 of the distance between two supports, and the displacement after
the load is removed shall not be greater than 1/5 of the loaded state.
4.2.4 Triangles
4.2.4.1 Composition and structure
The triangles shall be composed of retro-reflective area, bracket and protective device. Each
constituent part shall comply with the following provisions:
a) Each constituent part is not easy to disassemble;
b) The fluorescent area and the reflective area of the retro-reflective area are concentric
equilateral triangles, and the discontinuous area of the retro-reflecting optical unit is
red;
c) When unfolded, the bracket can support the retro-reflective area at a certain height
from the ground, the distance between the support surface and the bottom edge of the
triangles is not greater than 300 mm, and the included angle between the axis of
reference of the retro-reflective area and the ground plane is not greater than 5???;
d) When folded and placed in the protective device, the retro-reflective area, bracket and
movable components cannot be disassembled;
e) The protective device can prevent the triangles from being corroded.
4.2.4.2 Shape visibility
When carrying out the shape visibility test in accordance with the method specified in 5.11.7,
the shape of the triangles shall be clearly identifiable.
4.2.4.3 Ground clearance
When carrying out the ground clearance test in accordance with the method specified in 5.11.8,
there shall be a position where all the supporting legs of the triangles can simultaneously fall
on the horizontal reference plane, and outside the area covered by the test equipment, the
distance between the retro-reflective area of the triangles and their brackets (except the
supporting legs) and the horizontal reference plane shall be no less than 50 mm.
4.2.4.4 Structural stability
When carrying out the structural stability test in accordance with the method specified in 5.11.9,
during the test, the displacement of the vertex of the triangles shall not be greater than 5 cm;
after the test, the position of the vertex shall not be significantly different from the initial
position.
4.2.4.5 Wind resistance stability
When carrying out the wind resistance stability test in accordance with the method specified in
5.11.10, after the test, the triangles shall not tip over, the displacement of the supporting legs
shall not be greater than 5 cm, and the rotation of the retro-reflective area around the horizontal
or vertical axis shall not be greater than 10???.
4.2.4.6 Wear resistance of mirror back
For triangles that are accessible on the mirror back of the retro-reflecting optical unit, the mirror
back test of the retro-reflecting optical unit shall be carried out in accordance with the method
specified in 5.11.2. After the test, the luminosity properties re-tested in accordance with the
method specified in 5.3.5 shall not be lower than 60% of those before the test.
4.3 Special Requirements for Materials
4.3.1 Weather resistance
After the weather resistance test is carried out in accordance with the method specified in 5.12.1,
there shall be no obvious cracks, scratches, dents, bubbles, wrinkles, erosion, peeling,
powdering or deformation on the surface of the retro-reflective sheeting for the markings of
carriage and the marking plate, and there shall be no shrinkage or expansion of more than 1 mm
at the edge, nor shall there be debonding from the edge of the bottom plate. The retro-reflector
for the markings of carriage shall not have cracks, deformation or powdering; for the luminosity
properties re-tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.3.5, the retro-reflective
sheeting for the markings of carriage shall not be less than 80% of the value specified in Table
5; the marking plate shall not be less than 80% of the value specified in Table 6; the retro-
reflector for the markings of carriage shall not be less than 80% of the value specified in Table
3; the daytime color re-tested in accordance with the method specified in 5.4.2 shall comply
with the requirements of 4.1.4.2.
NOTE: when the results of the natural exposure test conflict with the results of the artificial climate
accelerated aging test, the results of the natural exposure test shall prevail.
4.3.2 Adhesion properties
When carrying out the adhesion properties test in accordance with the method specified in
5.12.2, the 180??? peel strength of the backing adhesive of retro-reflective sheeting and
fluorescent materials used to make the retro-reflective devices shall not be less than 25 N/50
mm.
4.3.3 Color fastness to light
The triangle samples are 4 triangles provided by the manufacturer, at least 2 protective devices
and 2 fluorescent materials samples used by the triangles. The dimensions o...