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QC/T 1130-2021: Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Methanol Vehicles
QC/T 1130-2021
QC
AUTOMOBILE INUDSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.020
CCS T 40
Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for
Methanol Vehicles
ISSUED ON: MARCH 05, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2021
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative References ... 4
3 Terms and Definitions ... 4
4 Test Requirements ... 5
5 Test Conditions ... 5
6 Test Methods ... 7
7 Calculation Method of Fuel Consumption ... 8
8 Production Conformity, Certification Extension and Type Approval of Vehicle
Family ... 11
Appendix A (Normative) Type Test Result Report ... 12
Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for
Methanol Vehicles
1 Scope
This Document specifies the fuel consumption test methods for methanol vehicles and
the inspection and determination methods for production consistency.
This Document is applicable to light-duty methanol vehicles and heavy-duty methanol
vehicles with a maximum speed greater than or equal to 50km/h.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with
the dates indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only
the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1884 Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products - Laboratory
Determination of Density - Hydrometer Method
GB/T 4472 Determination of Density and Relative Density for Chemical Products
GB/T 15089 Classification of Power-Driven Vehicles and Trailers
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Light-
Duty Vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 19233 Measurement Methods of Fuel Consumption for Light-Duty Vehicles
GB/T 27840 Fuel Consumption Test Methods for Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicle
GB 27999-2019 Fuel Consumption Evaluation Methods and Targets for
Passenger Cars
GB 30510 Fuel Consumption Limits for Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicles
GB/T 31130 Coriolis Mass Flow Meter
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15089, GB
18352.6-2016, GB/T 19233, GB/T 27840 and the following apply.
3.1 Methanol fuel vehicle
M and N category vehicles equipped with methanol single-fuel engines or
diesel/methanol dual-fuel engines (referred to as methanol vehicles).
3.2 Light-duty methanol fuel vehicle
M1, M2 and N1 category methanol vehicles with the maximum design total mass not
exceeding 3 500kg (referred to as light-duty methanol vehicles).
3.3 Heavy-duty methanol fuel vehicle
M and N category methanol vehicles with maximum design total mass exceeding
3500kg (referred to as heavy-duty methanol vehicles).
4 Test Requirements
4.1 General requirements
The test requirements for light-duty methanol vehicles shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB/T 19233. The automobile manufacturer or its authorized agent can
refer to the relevant provisions of GB/T 19233 to measure the vehicle’s fuel
consumption in the low-temperature environment, air-conditioning and refrigeration
status, and high-altitude environment.
The test requirements for heavy-duty methanol vehicles shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB/T 27840.
4.2 Other requirements
Before the test, the manufacturer or its authorized agent shall provide the inspection
agency with a control strategy during the engine start-up process, so that it can
measure gasoline or diesel fuel consumption and methanol fuel consumption
according to the engine control strategy, respectively.
5 Test Conditions
5.1 Test environment, test vehicles and running-in
The test conditions for light-duty methanol vehicles shall comply with the relevant
provisions of GB/T 19233; the test conditions for heavy-duty methanol vehicles shall
comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 27840.
c) The methanol hydrogen-carbon ratio is 4, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.
5.4.2 If a flow meter (mass flow meter or volume flow meter) is used to measure fuel
consumption, the measuring equipment shall meet the following conditions:
a) The installation of a fuel flow recording device shall not affect the normal
operation of the engine;
b) The fuel supply pipeline needs to be equipped with two valve systems or two sets
of test equipment with only a single valve to ensure that methanol fuel, gasoline
fuel or diesel fuel flow from the normal fuel supply pipeline to the corresponding
measurement pipeline. The operation time for changing the fuel direction shall
not exceed 0.2s;
c) A mass flow meter that meets the requirements (or similar principles) of GB/T
31130 shall be used, with a measurement accuracy of ±1% or a volume flow
meter with a measurement accuracy of no less than ±0.5%;
d) The flow meter shall not make, the change OF fuel pressure and temperature at
the inlet OF the methanol fuel and gasoline or diesel fuel recording device on the
vehicle, exceeding 10% and ±5°, respectively.
6 Test Methods
6.1 Light-duty methanol vehicles shall be tested in accordance with the relevant
provisions of GB/T 19233. Heavy-duty methanol vehicles shall be tested in accordance
with the relevant provisions of GB/T 27840.
6.2 When using the carbon balance method to measure fuel consumption, first
measure the CO2, CO, and HC emissions of gasoline and methanol in cycle of the
working conditions, as well as the driving distance. And then calculate the gasoline and
methanol fuels consumption according to the method described in 7.1; and convert
methanol consumption into equivalent gasoline consumption according to the
equivalent calorific value method, and count it into the total gasoline consumption. The
calculation result is expressed in L/100km, rounded-off (rounded) to two digits after the
decimal points. The inspection agency shall determine the switching time between
gasoline and methanol fuel based on the changes in the currently used fuel type
(PID$51) in the measured and recorded OBD universal scanning tool mode $01, and
record it in the test report.
6.3 When a flow meter (mass flow meter or volume flow meter) is used to measure fuel
consumption, the data can be recorded through an automatic acquisition system or
manually. If an automatic acquisition system is used, it shall be able to be continuous
in real time with a sampling frequency of no less than 1 Hz to record fuel consumption,
driving distance, and fuel pressure and temperature at the inlet of the fuel recording
Cequ. – consumption of equivalent gasoline fuel1), in L/100km;
CG – gasoline fuel consumption, in L/100km;
CM - methanol fuel consumption, in L/100km;
di -the distance travelled by using gasoline during the test cycle, in km;
d – driving mileage of test, in kg;
ρi – density of benchmark gasoline fuel at 288K (15°C), in kg/L;
ρM – density of methanol fuel at 288K (15°C), in kg/L;
qi – low heating value of benchmark gasoline, taking the fixed value of 43.070MJ/kg;
qM – low heating value of methanol, taking the fixed value of 19.569MJ/kg.
7.1.4 The correction of the calculated value of fuel consumption when the benchmark
fuel is not used shall be implemented with reference to the relevant provisions of GB/T
19233.
7.2 Measurement method of flow meter (mass flow meter or volume flow meter)
7.2.1 Using mass flow meters to determine fuel consumption
When using a mass flow meter, the fuel consumption is calculated according to the
following Formula:
F1,equ. – consumption of the equivalent fuel , in L/100km;
mi – the measured value of gasoline and diesel consumption (mass) during the test, in
kg;
mM – the measured value of methanol consumption (mass) during the test, in kg;
d – driving mileage of the test, in km;
ρi – density of benchmark gasoline and diesel fuel at the standard temperature of 20°C
(293K), in kg/L;
qi – low heating value of benchmark gasoline and diesel, taking the fixed value of
1) When calculating the equivalent gasoline or diesel consumption in GB 27999-2019, it shall be
multiplied by 0.75.
F1,equ.
1)
43.070MJ/kg for the gasoline, and the fixed value of 42.652MJ/kg for the diesel;
qM – low heating value of methanol, taking the fixed value of 19.569MJ/kg.
7.2.2 Use volume flow meters to determine fuel consumption
When a volume flow meter is used, the fuel consumption is calculated according to the
following Formula:
F2,equ. – consumption of the equivalent fuel , in L/100km;
Vi – the measured value of the consumption (volume) of benchmark gasoline and
benchmark diesel, in L;
VM – the measured value of the consumption (volume) of methanol, in L;
- volume expansion coefficient of the benchmark gasoline and diesel fuel, 1.0×10-
3/°C;
- volume expansion coefficient of methanol fuel, 1.2 x 10-3/°C;
T0 – benchmark temperature, 20°C;
ρi – density of benchmark gasoline and diesel fuel at the standard temperature of 20°C
(293K), in kg/L;
ρM – density of methanol fuel at the standard temperature of 20°C (293K), in kg/L;
qi – low heating value of benchmark gasoline and diesel, taking the fixed value of
43.070MJ/kg for the gasoline, and the fixed value of 42.652MJ/kg for the diesel;
qM – low heating value of methanol, taking the fixed value of 19.569MJ/kg.
Ti – average temperature of gasoline and diesel fuel, in °C (When recording manually,
it shall be the arithmetic mean of the fuel temperature taken on the volume measuring
device at the beginning and end of each test. When recording with an automatic
acquisition system, it shall be the arithmetic mean of the recorded results);
TM – average temperature of methanol, in °C (When recording manually, it shall be the
arithmetic mean of the fuel temperature taken on the volume measuring device at the
beginning and end of each test. When recording with an automatic acquisition system,
it shall be the arithmetic mean of the recorded results);
d – driving mileage of the test, in km.
F2,equ.
1)