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NB/T 33024-2016: Test specification for lithium-ion traction battery of Electric Vehicles
NB/T 33024-2016
NB
ENERGY INDUSTRY STANDARD OF
THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.99
T 35
Registration number. 54741-2016
Test specification for lithium-ion
traction battery of electric vehicles
ISSUED ON. FEBRUARY 05, 2016
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2016
Issued by. National Energy Administration
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3 
1 Scope ... 4 
2 Normative references ... 4 
3 Terms and definitions ... 5 
4 Symbols... 5 
5 Requirements ... 5 
6 Test plan ... 9 
7 Testing rules ... 16 
Appendix A (Normative) Working condition test ... 18 
Appendix B (Normative) SOC estimation accuracy ... 23 
Foreword
This standard was proposed by the National Energy Administration.
This standard shall be under the jurisdiction and interpretation of the China
Electricity Council.
Drafting organizations of this standard. State Grid Corporation of China, the
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company, the State Grid Shandong
Electric Power Research Institute of Electric Power, China Electric Power
Research Institute, Shandong Luneng Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd.,
Wanxiang Electric Vehicles Co., Ltd., Hefei Guoxuan Hi-Tech Power Energy
Co., Ltd., Beijing Prader New Energy Battery Technology Co., Ltd., CITIC
Guoan Menggli Power Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin Lishen Battery Co., Ltd.,
China Electric Apparatus Research Institute.
Drafters of this standard. Su Shengxin, Shen Jianxin, Wu Bin, Ma Jianwei, Cao
Jinna, Zhang Huadong, Zhang Jian, Gao Yuming, Guo Liang, Zhang
Shuangquan, Li Zhiming, Xi Lu, Chen Qichu, Li Jianxiang, Huang Dexu, Mu
Shiyou, Ren Jie, Zhu Xiufeng, He Dilong, Zeng Jiliang, Xu Jinlong, Zhang Na,
Huang Kun, Wang Yongliang.
The recommendations and opinions of this standard during the implementation
process are fed back to the China Electricity Council Standard Management
Center (Beijing Baiguang Road Lane 2 No.1, 100761).
Test specification for lithium-ion
traction battery of electric vehicles
1 Scope
This standard specifies the requirements, test plan, test form, and
determination rules for the lithium-ion traction battery of electric vehicles.
This standard applies for the lithium-ion traction monomer batteries, battery
modules, battery boxes/battery systems of electric vehicles.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrotechnical terminology - Primary and secondary cells
and batteries
GB/T 17626.2-2006 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Testing and
measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.5-2008 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and
measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
GB/T 18384.1-2015 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Safety
specifications - Part 1. On-board rechargeable energy storage system
(REESS)
GB/T 18655-2010 Vehicles boats and internal combustion engines - Radio
disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the
protection of on-board receivers
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 29317 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap
infrastructure
QC/T 743 Lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles
explosion, or liquid leakage.
5.4.3 Over-discharge protection
When the battery box/battery system is subject to the over-discharge protection
test in accordance with the provisions of 6.5.4, the test sample protection
element shall operate reliably and the battery box/battery system shall be free
from fire, explosion and leakage.
5.4.4 Short circuit protection
When the battery box/battery system is subject to the short-circuit protection
test in accordance with the provisions of 6.5.5, the short-circuit current is cut off
by the overcurrent protection device or the line is automatically cut off. The
battery box/battery system shall be free from fire, explosion, and leakage.
5.4.5 Overload protection
When the battery box/battery system is subject to the overload protection test
in accordance with 6.5.6, when the battery box/battery system discharge
current reaches the overload protection current value, an alarm signal shall be
issued and the circuit cut off. The storage tank/battery system shall be free from
fire, explosion, or liquid leakage; after troubleshooting, it shall have a recovery
function.
5.4.6 High temperature working test
When the battery box/battery system is subject to a high temperature working
test in accordance with 6.5.7, the temperature of the battery modules (including
the battery cells) in the test sample shall not exceed the battery temperature
limit.
5.4.7 Low temperature working test
When the battery box/battery system is tested in accordance with 6.5.8 for low
temperature working test, the system shall be charged and discharged normally.
The capacity of the sample system shall comply with the requirements of the
enterprise. The temperature and voltage of the battery modules (including the
battery cell) in the test sample shall not exceed the working limits.
5.4.8 Temperature control system failure test
When the battery box/battery system is subject to a temperature control system
failure test in accordance with 6.5.9, the battery shall be free from fire, explode
or liquid leakage.
5.4.9 Working condition test
6.5.2 Room temperature discharge capacity (initial capacity)
a) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with the method
of 6.5.1.
b) After it is full charged, the fully charged battery box/battery system is
allowed to stand for 2 h or more, and then discharged to the discharge
termination voltage at a certain rate of current [energy type 1I2 (A), power
type 1I1 (A)].
c) Use discharge current value and discharge time data to calculate the
capacity (in Ah); use discharge current value, discharge voltage and
discharge time data to calculate the energy (Wh or kWh).
d) The calculated value is lower than the rated value, it can be repeated once.
6.5.3 Overcharge protection
a) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
b) Set the constant current and constant voltage source voltage to 1.2 times
the maximum voltage of the test sample.
c) The test sample (within 24 h after full charging) continues to be charged
at the maximum continuous current specified by the enterprise’s technical
requirements. If the voltage of a single cell exceeds the charging
termination voltage or exceeds the normal protection time limit, the
charging process shall be automatically interrupted.
d) After the test, make observation for 2 h.
6.5.4 Over-discharge protection
a) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
b) The test sample is discharged at a certain rate of current [energy type 1I2
(A), power type 1I1 (A)].
c) If the voltage of a battery cell is lower than the discharge termination
voltage, or exceeds the normal protection time limit, the discharge process
shall be automatically interrupted.
d) After the test, make observation for 2 h.
6.5.5 Short-circuit protection
a) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
b) Short-circuit the positive and negative electrodes of the test sample using
6.5.9 Temperature control system failure test
a) At room temperature, the battery box/battery system discharges at a
certain rate current [energy type 1I2 (A), power type 1I1 (A)] to the
discharge termination state.
b) Turn off the temperature control system on the battery box/battery system.
c) The fully discharged battery box/battery system is placed at the maximum
working temperature given by the company for 7 hours, the charging is
stopped after charging fully at the maximum current allowed by the
enterprise or the protection device actions.
d) Allow it to stand at room temperature for 7 h.
e) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
f) Fully-charged battery box/battery system shall be placed at the maximum
working temperature for 7 hours, the charging is stopped after charging to
the minimum discharge voltage as specified by the enterprise at the
maximum discharge current allowed by the enterprise or the protection
device actions.
6.5.10 Working condition test
The working condition test is performed in accordance with the provisions of
Appendix A.
6.5.11 Battery management system accuracy
6.5.11.1 Voltage accuracy
Use the voltage measuring device to measure the voltage of the battery box
and the battery module (the number of cell or module voltage collection channel
is not less than 5), respectively compare it with the battery box and battery
module voltages displayed by the BMS. The result shall meet the requirements
of 5.4.10.
6.5.11.2 Current accuracy
The battery box/system is discharged with a certain current (I5/I2/I1). Use the
current measuring device to measure the discharge current, compare it with the
discharge current displayed by the battery box/battery system BMS. The result
shall meet the requirements of 5.4.10.
6.5.11.3 Temperature accuracy
The battery box/system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1. Use the
6.5.14.3 Radiated disturbance limit
Test methods shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 18655-2010, and
the results shall meet the requirements of 5.4.13.
6.5.14.4 Surge (impact) immunity
The test method shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 17626.5-2008,
and the results shall meet the requirements of 5.4.13.
6.5.15 Mechanical shock
a) The battery module is fully charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
b) The battery module is fixed on the test equipment in accordance with the
actual vibration acceleration direction of the electric vehicle, and the
mechanical impact is scanned in accordance with the following conditions.
- Pulse mode. sine half wave.
- Maximum acceleration. 500 m/s2.
- Duration. 6 ms.
- 10 repetitions.
6.5.16 Vibration
a) The battery box/battery system is charged in accordance with 6.5.1.
b) Fasten the fully charged test sample to the vibration test bench with the
rigid fasteners in the normal working direction of the vehicle and perform
the linear sweep vibration test in accordance with the following conditions.
- Discharge current. 1I2 (A).
- Vibration direction. single vibration up and down.
- Frequency 10 Hz ~ 55 Hz.
- Maximum acceleration. 30 m/s2.
- Sweep cycle. 10 times.
- Vibration time. 120 ± 5 min.
c) Observe any abnormalities during the vibration test.
6.5.17 Water immersion
Appendix A
(Normative)
Working condition test
A.1 Scope
This appendix specifies the test method for the working condition cycle life of
the power battery box/battery system for electric vehicles.
A.2 Test conditions
A.2.1 Method of adjusting SOC to n% of test target value
a) The test sample shall be charged in accordance with the text 6.5.1.
b) Energy type power battery sample are discharged at a constant current of
1I2 for 2 × (100-n)/100 h, the power type power battery sample is
discharged at a constant current of I1 (100-n)/100 h.
A.2.2 Power test methods
a) Test sample SOC is adjusted in accordance with the method of A.2.1 to
50%.
b) Allow to stand for 30 minutes.
c) Discharge at the maximum discharge current specified by the enterprise
for 5 s. After the test, the battery is discharged at a certain rate current
[energy type 1I2 (A), power type 1I1 (A)] to any single cell voltage to reach
the discharge termination voltage.
d) Calculate the power of the last data acquisition point in step c).
A.3 Working condition test
A.3.1 Energy type battery for pure electric passenger vehicle
The cycle test consists of two parts. The charging part is carried out in
accordance with the text 6.5.1, the discharging part is performed in accordance
with the “main discharge conditions” shown in Figure A.1 and Table A.1, the
entire test procedure is shown in Table A.2, the SOC fluctuations formed by the
main discharge conditions are as shown in Figure A.2.
Appendix B
(Normative)
SOC estimation accuracy
B.1 Requirements
B.1.1 Assemble the tested battery system in accordance with the normal
working requirements (it can choose the minimum battery system applicable to
the battery management system).
B.1.2 Before the available capacity testing of B.2, the test sample shall be
allowed to stand for at least 16 h at the test temperature. While standing, the
battery and management system are in a non-operational state.
B.2 Available capacity test
a) Discharge at 1I3 (A) current until the cell (module) voltage of the battery
system reaches the discharge termination voltage or the total voltage
reaches the discharge termination voltage.
b) Let stand for 1 h.
c) Charge at a constant current of 1I3 (A) until the cell (module) voltage of
the battery system reaches the charge termination voltage or the total
voltage reaches the charge termination voltage.
d) Charge at constant voltage, the charging current is reduced to I9 (A) or
other termination conditions specified by the enterprise’s technical
requirements.
e) Let stand for 1 h.
f) Discharge by the discharge specification a) and record the total discharge
Q01 of the discharge process.
g) Repeat b) ~ f) twice, record the discharge capacity as Q02 and Q03,
respectively. The average of the three discharge capacities is Q0. If the
deviations of Q01, Q02 and Q03 from Q0 are less than 2%, Q0 is the available
capacity of the battery system. If the deviation between Q01, Q02 and Q03
from Q0 is not less than 2%, the available capacity test process needs to
be repeated until the discharge capacity for three consecutive times meets
the conditions for the available capacity confirmation.
Note. If the manufacturer has rec...