QB/T 2888-2007 English PDF (QBT2888-2007)

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QB/T 2888-2007: Polyurethane fascicular microfibre synthetic leather
QB/T 2888-2007
QB
LIGHT INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 59.080.40
Classification No.: Y47
Filing No: 22134-2007
Polyurethane fascicular microfiber synthetic leather
聚氨酯束装超细纤维合成革
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 08, 2007
IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 01, 2008
Issued by: National Development and Reform Commission of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Categories ... 6
4 Requirements ... 6
5 Test method ... 9
6 Inspection rules ... 14
7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage ... 16
Appendix A (Normative) Hydrolysis resistance test ... 17
Appendix B (Normative) Anti-yellowing test... 18
Polyurethane fascicular microfiber synthetic leather
1 Scope
This standard specifies the classification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
signs, packaging, transportation and storage of polyurethane fascicular microfiber
synthetic leather.
This standard applies to synthetic leather, which has fascicular microfiber structure, as
made of sea-island composite fiber nonwoven fabric, through polyurethane resin wet
coagulation, solvent extraction, finishing process.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard; however, parties who
reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest versions
of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document applies.
GB/T 250-1995 Grey scale for assessing change in colour (eqv ISO 105/A02-1993)
GB/T 251-1995 Grey scale for assessing staining (eqv ISO 105/A03-1993)
GB/T 2828.1-2003 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1:
Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot
inspection (IDT ISO 2859-1:1999)
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB/T 3920-1997 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to rubbing
(eqv ISO 105-X12:1993)
GB/T 4689.21-1996 Leather - Determination of absorption of water (eqv ISO
2417:1972)
GB/T 4744-1997 Textile fabrics - Determination of resistance to water penetration -
Hydrostatic pressure test (eqv ISO 811:1981)
GB/T 8949-1995 Polyurethane dry-processing artificial leather
GB/T 11547-1989 Plastics - Determination of the effects of liquid chemicals,
5.3.3 Length
Use a measuring tool, which has an accuracy of 1 cm, to measure the length of each
roll, accurate to 1 cm.
5.4 Appearance
Carry out visual inspection under natural light. The color difference shall be carried out,
according to the provisions of GB/T 250-1995.
5.5 Determination of apparent density
5.5.1 Cut 3 pieces of specimen. Measure the thickness of 4 points, along the periphery
of each piece. Take the average value, accurate to 0.01 mm.
5.5.2 Weigh the mass of the specimen, accurate to 0.1 mg.
5.5.3 The results are calculated according to formula (1). Take the arithmetic mean of
the test results of three specimens, with an accuracy of 0.01 g/cm3.
Where:
ρ - The apparent density, in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3);
m - The mass of specimen, in grams (g);
A - The area of specimen, in square millimeters (mm2);
b - The thickness of specimen, in millimeters (mm).
5.6 Tensile load and elongation at break
Make measurements, according to the provisions of QB/T 2710-2005. Test speed is
(100 ± 10) mm/min. Record the maximum load during stretching. Take the arithmetic
mean of the test results of three specimens, accurate to 1 N.
5.7 Tear load
5.7.1 The tensile testing machine shall meet the requirements of QB/T 2710-2005. Self-
tightening clamps are available.
5.7.2 Test procedure: Cut 3 specimens of 100 mm x 5 mm along the longitudinal and
lateral directions, respectively. Cut the specimen from the center of the short side of
each specimen, along the direction parallel to the long side; the cut length is 70 mm.
Clamp the two cut ends on the tensile testing machine in opposite directions. Carry out
the test, at a tensile speed of (100 ± 10) mm/min. Record the maximum load when the
specimen is torn.
5.7.3 The test results are represented by the arithmetic mean of the test results of each
group of specimens, accurate to 1 N.
5.8 Peeling load
The peeling load shall be tested, according to the provisions in 5.9 of GB/T 8949-1995.
The size of the specimen is 100 mm x 20 mm; the bonding length is 70 mm; the adhesive
can be polyurethane resin; the specimen shall be firmly bonded; the drying temperature
shall be such that the adhesive can be dried. The specimen is peeled off about 20 mm;
the speed of the stretching machine is (100 ± 10) mm/min.
5.9 Burst
The bursting test shall be carried out according to the provisions of QB/T 2712-2005.
When the specimen is placed, the surface layer is upward; the base layer is in contact
with the steel ball. Record the load, when the specimen is stretched to a height of 7.0
mm.
5.10 Folding fastness
The folding fastness is tested, according to the provisions of QB/T 2714-2005. Cut two
groups of specimens, along the lateral direction, each group has 2 pieces. The surface
layer of the specimens is folded inward. The two groups of specimens are folded, for
200000 times at (23 ± 2) °C and 25000 times (-10 ± 1) °C, respectively. Then observe
the changes of the outer and inner parts of the folded part.
5.11 Surface color fastness
5.11.1 Method
The test bench of the rubbing testing machine is a semi-circular plate, which has a radius
of 20 cm. The rubbing element is a curved surface, which has a surface radius of 45
mm; the test load is 1.96 N; the reciprocating speed is 30 times/min; the number of
rubbings is 100. It is respectively expressed in the lowest level of the test results of each
group of specimens.
5.11.2 Dry rubbing
Cut 2 specimens of 220 mm x 25 mm. Conduct the test according to 5.11.1. Judge the
grade according to GB/T 251-1995.
5.11.3 Wet rubbing
After immersing the white cotton cloth in distilled water for 10 minutes, the water
content shall be carried out according to the provisions of GB/T 3920-1997; the test
P - Moisture permeability, in milligrams per square centimeter per hour (mg/cm2·h);
m0 - The mass of the first weighing cup and specimen, in milligrams (mg);
m1 - The mass of the second weighing cup and specimen, in milligrams (mg);
m2 - The mass of the third weighing cup and specimen, in milligrams (mg);
m3 - The mass of the fourth weighing cup and specimen, in milligrams (mg);
A - The moisture permeability area of the specimen, in square centimeters (cm2).
5.13 Water absorption
5.13.1 Water absorption shall be measured according to GB/T 4689.21-1996.
5.13.2 Calculate the water absorption, according to the formula (3). Take the arithmetic
mean of the test results of two test pieces. Keep the calculation results as integers.
Where:
Q - Water absorption, expressed in percentage (%);
V - The water absorption of the specimen after soaking for a specified time, in
milliliters (mL);
d - The density of water, 1 gram per milliliter (1 g/mL);
m - The mass of the specimen before immersion, in grams (g).
5.14 Water resistance
Water resistance is tested, according to the provisions of GB/T 4744-1997. According
to Table 11, cut two pieces of specimens of Φ60 mm. The surface layer of the specimen
is immersed in water; the immersion surface is a circle of Φ50 mm. The water
temperature is (20 ± 2) °C. Inject water at a speed of 10 mm/s. Stop water injection,
when the water pressure reaches 14.7 kPa. Visually test whether there are water droplets
on the upper surface of the specimen, after 1 min.
5.15 Heat-resistant adhesion
5.15.1 Test procedure
Superpose the surface layers of the two specimens together. Put them between two
pieces of 60 mm x 60 mm x 3 mm glass. Then press the glass by a weight of 3 kg. Place
it in an air blast incubator at (100 ± 2) °C. Take it out after 1 h. Remove the weight.
Place it at room temperature for 1 h. Then gently uncover the superposed specimens by
hand.
5.15.2 Result judgment
Grade 5: No change in the surface layer;
Grade 4: Gloss and surface shape slightly changed;
Grade 3: Gloss and surface shape changes;
Grade 2: Damage to the surface layer;
Grade 1: Damage below the surface layer.
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Group-batching
Products are inspected and accepted in units of batches. The products of not more than
10000 m, which are continuously manufactured using the same raw material, formula,
process, form a batch.
6.2 Exit-factory inspection
The exit-factory inspection items are all items in Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, as well as
the items 1, 2, 3, 4 in Table 6.
6.3 Type inspection
Type inspection items are all technical requirements in Chapter 4. In one of the
following situations, type inspection shall also be carried out.
a) Appraisal of trial production of new products or old products after trans-plant
production;
b) After formal production, when there are major changes in structure, raw materials,
processes, which may affect product performance;
c) Every six months during normal production;
d) When the product resumes production half a year after the product has been
discontinued;
e) When there is a large difference between the exit-factory inspection result and the
previous type inspection;
f) When the national quality supervision agency requests type inspection.
7 Marking, packaging, transportation, storage
7.1 Marking
Each roll of product packaging shall have the following signs:
a) The name and address of the manufacturer;
b) Product name and adopted standard number;
c) Product specifications (thickness, width, length, color, pattern, etc.);
d) Trademarks;
e) Inspector code;
f) Production date and production batch number;
g) Anti-pressure, moisture-proof and other marks.
7.2 Packaging
The inner packaging is soft-packed by plastic bags or foam cloth; the outer packaging
is in the form of corrugated boxes, heat-shrinkable films or according to user
requirements. Instructions for use shall be attached to the outer packaging. The
instructions for use shall include usage, precautions for use, storage period, etc.
7.3 Transportation
During the transportation of the product, it shall be handled lightly; do not expose to
the sun and rain; keep the packaging intact.
7.4 Storage
The product is stored in a well-ventilated warehouse, which shall be protected from
moisture, extrusion, mildew, away from heat sources. The storage period of the product
shall not exceed two years from the date of production.
Appendix A
(Normative)
Hydrolysis resistance test
A.1 Test method 1 - Jungle weathering test
A.1.1 Test sample size
150 mm x 150 mm.
A.1.2 Test procedure
A.1.2.1 Hang the sample in a constant temperature and humidity device, for damp heat
aging, at a constant temperature and humidity of (70 ± 2) °C and a relative humidity of
95% or more.
A.1.2.2 After damp heat treatment for 168 h ~ 528 h (the cycle time error is within ±2
h), take out the test piece. Place it for 2 h, at a temperature of (23 ± 2) °C and a relative
humidity of 45% ~ 55%. Observe the surface changes. Test the peeling load or folding
fastness of the specimen.
Note: The damp heat treatment time and hydrolysis resistance index are subject to agreement,
between the supplier and the buyer.
A.2 Test method 2 - Alkali resistance test
A.2.1 Test sample size
100 mm x 20 mm.
A.2.2 Test procedure
Under the conditions of temperature (23 ± 2) °C and relative humidity of 45% ~ 55%,
soak the specimen in 10%NaOH and leave it for 24 h. Dosage of test solution, soaking
and rinsing and wiping shall comply with the provisions in 3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.7.3 of GB/T
11547-1989. Take out the specimen and rinse it with water. Dry it completely in an oven
at (102 ± 2) °C. Then observe the erosion and cracking on the surface of the test piece
OR the peeling load of the test sample.