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GB 17957-2021: Rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools - Safety requirements
GB 17957-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.110; 73.100.10
J 84
Replacing GB 17957-2005
Rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools - Safety
requirements
ISSUED ON: APRIL 30, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 General safety requirements ... 7
5 Special safety requirements for specific machines ... 25
6 Verification of safety requirements/measures ... 27
7 Usage information ... 28
Appendix A (Normative) Methods for measuring noise in the operating room ... 30
References ... 31
Rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools - Safety
requirements
1 Scope
This standard specifies the general safety requirements for rock drilling machines and
pneumatic tools during design, manufacture, use, maintenance.
This standard applies to rock drilling machines powered by pneumatic, electric,
hydraulic or internal combustion, tools and machines driven by compressed air, non-
electrically driven power tools and auxiliary equipment (hereinafter referred to as
products or machines).
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this standard.
GB 2894 Safety signs and guideline for the use
GB/T 3766 Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for
systems and their components
GB 4351.1 Portable fire extinguishers - Part 1: Performance and construction
GB/T 5226.1-2019 Electrical safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of
machines - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 5898 Hand-held non-electric power tools - Noise measurement code -
Engineering method (grade 2)
GB/T 6247 (all parts) Rock drilling machines and portable power tools -
Terminology
GB/T 7932 Pneumatic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for
systems and their components
GB/T 8196 Safety of machinery - Guards - General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards
If the pressure may cause danger, the residual pressure in the pressure system shall be
released.
Any component or element that can change the direction of hydraulic oil injection can
be used as an effective protective device.
Rigid pipes and hoses shall be able to withstand the usage pressure. The hose shall be
clearly marked with its rated working pressure and shall comply with the relevant
requirements of GB/T 3766 and GB/T 7932.
4.1.12 Pipe joints
Various pipe joints, including the air intake (oil, water) joints and threaded joints of the
machine itself, shall adopt reliable anti-loosening and anti-leakage (oil, water)
structures; it shall ensure sufficient strength.
The joints used to connect impact machines shall also ensure that they have the
characteristics of impact resistance and vibration resistance.
4.1.13 Valves
The valves shall be well sealed, open flexibly; there shall be no leakage (oil, water)
after closing.
4.1.14 Risk of slipping, tripping or falling
For mechanical parts where people often walk or stand, their design and manufacture
shall prevent people from slipping, tripping, falling, or falling from these parts.
If necessary, these parts shall be equipped with handrails that are relatively fixed to the
user and maintain their stability.
4.1.15 Protection of moving parts
4.1.15.1 General
The design, manufacture, layout of moving parts of rock drilling machines and
pneumatic tools shall be able to avoid the hazards described in GB/T 15706.
4.1.15.2 Transmission parts
All rotating or reciprocating parts, except the drill rod propulsion mechanism and the
travel mechanism, as well as the portable power tools mentioned in the specific safety
requirements, shall be equipped with protective devices to avoid contact. The protective
devices shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 8196. The protective devices shall
be firmly manufactured and reliably fixed. For transmission parts that are not often
approached, fixed protective devices shall be installed. Fixed protective devices shall
be fixed by welding or by using necessary tools or keys to open or move them.
4.1.15.3 Moving parts during operation
The design, manufacture, installation of rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools
shall minimize manual operation in danger zones.
The product information shall remind users to set up warning signs in the restricted
areas during the operation of rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools.
For handheld or outrigger-type rock drills, the product information shall remind users
to always pay attention to the safety hazards caused by the drill clamp not being locked
or the drill rod being broken.
4.1.16 Noise
The noise shall not exceed the provisions of GB 19872.
4.1.17 Fire prevention
4.1.17.1 Flame retardant
The manufacturing materials of rock drilling machines and pneumatic tools shall be as
fire resistant as possible. The decorative materials in the cab shall be flame retardant
materials. The maximum value shall not exceed 250 mm/min, when the material flame
spread linear velocity test is carried out according to GB/T 20953.
4.1.17.2 Flame retardant
For machines driven by the driver, the inner walls, interior decoration and insulation
layer of the cab and other parts of the machine using insulating materials shall be made
of flame retardant materials. When tested according to GB/T 20953, the burning rate
shall not exceed 200 mm/min.
4.1.17.3 Fire extinguisher
Machines with a working mass greater than 1500 kg shall have at least one space for
storing fire extinguishers, which shall be easily accessible to the driver or operator. A
passage shall be set up to allow the driver or operator to escape from the machine safely.
4.1.18 Dust and exhaust gas
4.1.18.1 Dust removal or dust prevention measures
Dry-type rock drilling machines shall have dust removal or dust prevention measures.
4.1.18.2 Emissions from machinery
Emissions from machinery and equipment shall comply with the relevant requirements
of GB/T 15706.
- The laser devices installed on machinery shall be protected, so that their effective
radiation or the radiation and secondary radiation generated by reflection or
scattering will not harm human health;
- The optical devices used on the machinery to observe and adjust the laser devices
shall not cause the risk of laser rays causing health hazards.
4.1.20 Safety requirements for special safety equipment used in products
Special equipment, such as pressure vessels, used in products shall be purchased from
manufacturers with special equipment manufacturing licenses and certificates of
qualified inspection by manufacturers.
4.2 General safety requirements for non-portable machines
4.2.1 Instructions for use
Graphic symbols or signs shall be used to remind operators to read the operating
instructions before starting work; sufficient information to remind operators to use
safety shall be stated in the product usage information.
4.2.2 Pipeline layout
During the design stage of the product, the layout of various gas, hydraulic, water
pressure pipelines shall minimize the risk of causing safety hazards.
4.2.3 Control system
The safety design of the control system shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
16855.1.
4.2.4 Drill rod connection and removal mechanism
The drill rod connection and removal mechanism shall be safe and reliable. If the drill
rod is connected and removed manually, targeted safety operation requirements shall
be put forward in the instructions.
4.2.5 Signage
The operating mechanism of non-portable machines shall be equipped with signs
indicating actions. Signage shall not use graphic symbols and signs that may cause the
operator to misunderstand.
4.2.6 Field of view
The driving, shifting, working position of non-portable machines shall have good
visibility; it shall ensure that the driver or operator will not bring danger to himself or
other people when operating the equipment. If necessary, optical auxiliary devices shall
be installed or other measures shall be taken.
4.2.7 Materials
The materials selected for non-portable machines shall be harmless to the safety and
health of exposed personnel; they shall be suitable for the predetermined ambient
temperature. The manufacturer shall indicate the design operating temperature range of
the equipment in the operating manual.
4.2.8 Hoses and cables
The layout of hoses and cables shall avoid being blocked by rocks and other objects
when the non-portable machine is driving or shifting. The manufacturer shall remind
the user in the operating manual to prevent the hoses and cables from being blocked
when the non-portable machine is driving or shifting, so as to avoid the risk of pulling
off and injuring people.
4.2.9 Driving speed
The maximum driving speed of tire-type self-propelled machines shall not exceed 25
km/h; the maximum driving speed of crawler-type self-propelled machines shall not
exceed 8 km/h.
The maximum driving speed of machines with accompanying control shall not exceed
3.5 km/h. If the control device is located at the rear of the machine, the reverse speed
of the machine shall not exceed 3.5 km/h.
4.2.10 Braking performance
When the self-propelled machine is traveling, operating, stopping on the slope of
specified angle, it shall ensure reliable braking and flexible turning, meanwhile there
shall be no shaking, slipping or loss of control.
4.2.11 Stability
The design and manufacture of non-portable machines shall ensure their stability under
normal use conditions, such as transportation, shifting, operation (running), parking,
etc., to ensure that there is no danger of tipping over or falling.
The design of non-portable machines shall ensure that they have sufficient stability and
can be used safely under the specified conditions of use. Factors to be considered
include:
- The geometry of the base;
- The weight distribution including the load;
- Dynamic forces that can generate overturning moments due to the movement of
system, that covers the engine compartment and equipment and meets the following
requirements:
- Manned machines shall be equipped with a manual trigger device;
- Remotely controlled unmanned or semi-manually operated machines shall be
equipped with an automatic trigger device;
- Machines equipped with a fixed fire extinguishing system shall also be equipped
with at least one portable fire extinguisher.
4.2.15 Placement of fire extinguishers
Fire extinguishers shall be placed where they are easily accessible to the operator. If it
is a remote-controlled machine, it shall be placed in a position that is easy to see and
touch.
Fire extinguishers shall be installed so that they can be removed from the bracket
without tools.
If there is more than one fire extinguisher, they shall be placed on different sides of the
machine.
Fire extinguishers shall not be placed near fire-prone areas such as power supplies and
fuel tanks, but shall be placed between the operator and fire-prone areas.
4.2.16 Noise
Technical means and feasible methods shall be considered in design and manufacturing,
to reduce airborne noise, especially the noise of noise sources.
4.2.17 Vibration
Technical means shall be considered in design and manufacture, to reduce the vibration
to which the operator is exposed.
4.2.18 Hazard information
The product use information shall include hazard information on the relationship
between the machine operating conditions and hazards.
4.2.19 Symbols and signs
Graphic symbols and signs shall comply with the provisions of the special safety
requirements document for specific machines in Chapter 5.
4.2.20 Ventilation holes
Ventilation holes for machines with driver's cabs shall comply with the provisions of
the special safety requirements document for specific machines in Chapter 5.
4.2.21 Engine exhaust emissions
The exhaust location of the engine exhaust shall be away from the driver or operator.
4.2.22 Lifting safety of non-portable machines and their parts
The product shall be designed and manufactured so that the machine and its parts can
be lifted safely.
4.2.23 Driving, shifting, operating positions
4.2.23.1 General
The design and construction of the operating position shall avoid risks caused by
exhaust gases and (or) lack of oxygen.
If the machine is intended to be used in a hazardous environment that poses a risk to
the health and safety of the driver or operator, or the machine itself can also cause a
hazardous environment, THEN, sufficient means shall be provided to ensure that the
operator has good working conditions and can be protected from foreseeable dangers.
4.2.23.2 Driver's operating position
4.2.23.2.1 Basic entrance and exit
A basic entrance and exit shall be provided; its dimensions shall comply with the
provisions of GB/T 17300.
4.2.23.2.2 Alternative entrance and exit (emergency exit)
An alternative entrance and exit that is different from the main entrance and exit
direction shall be provided. A window or another door that can be opened or moved
without a key or tool can be used. If the entrance and exit can be opened from the inside
without a key or tool, a latch can be used. Breakable door and window glass surfaces
of appropriate size can also be considered as suitable alternative entrances and exits. In
this case, the necessary escape hammer shall be provided in the driver's cab; the escape
hammer shall be within the driver's reach.
When the window is used as an emergency exit, it shall be marked accordingly.
4.2.23.2.3 Storage of driver's manual
For machines with a cab and a ...