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QC/T 708-2019: Vehicle air conditioning fan
QC/T 708-2019
QC
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.10
T 36
Replacing QC/T 708-2004, QC/T 29092-1992
Vehicle air conditioning fan
ISSUED ON: NOVEMBER 11, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 01, 2020
Issued by: Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of PRC
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 7
1 Scope ... 10
2 Normative references ... 10
3 Terms and definitions ... 11
4 Requirements ... 12
5 Test methods ... 18
6 Inspection rules ... 25
7 Marking, packaging, storage, custody ... 28
Vehicle air conditioning fan
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, requirements, test methods,
inspection rules, marking, packaging, storage, custody of vehicle air-
conditioning fans (including evaporator blowers, condenser fans, air heater
blowers).
This standard applies to vehicle air-conditioning fans (including evaporator
blowers, condenser fans, air heater blowers), hereinafter referred to as fans.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 1236 Industrial fan - Performance testing using standardized airways
GB/T 2423.17-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic
products - Part 2: Test method - Test Ka: Salt mist
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes - Part 1:
Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot
inspection
GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio
disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the
protection of on-board receivers
GB/T 19951-2019 Road vehicles - Disturbances test methods for
electrical/electronic component from electrostatic discharge
GB/T 21437.2-2008 Road vehicles - Electrical disturbances from conduction
and coupling - Part 2: Electrical transient conduction along supply lines only
GB/T 28046.1 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for
electrical and electronic equipment - Part 1: General
GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing
for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3: Mechanical loads
GB/T 28046.4-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing
for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 4: Climatic loads
GB/T 28046.2-2019 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing
for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 2: Electrical loads
GB/T 30038-2013 Road vehicles - Degrees of protection (IP-code) -
Protection of electrical equipment against foreign objects, water and access
GB/T 33014.2-2016 Road vehicles - Component test methods for
electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy - Part 2: Absorb-lined shielded enclosure
GB/T 33014.4-2016 Road vehicles - Component test methods for
electrical/electronic disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy - Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI)
QC/T 413-2002 Basic technical requirements for automotive electric
equipment
QC/T 29106-2014 Technical specification of automobile wire harness
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions in GB/T 28046.1, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Compressor blower and fan
An air drive assembly, which consists of an electric motor, a fan blade or
rotor, a casing, etc.
3.2
Evaporator blower
A fan, that delivers air volume to the cabin, in an automotive air conditioner.
3.3
Condenser fan
A fan, which is used to remove energy from the condenser, in an automotive
air conditioner.
3.4
run, to carry out the temperature rise test. After the temperature rise of the motor
is stable, the temperature rise of the motor casing shall not exceed 55K.
4.6 Vibration resistance
During the vibration test of the fan, there shall be no damage to the parts. After
the test, the performance of the fan shall not change by more than 15%, as
specified in 4.2; the noise value is allowed to increase by up to 3dB (A).
4.7 Connection strength of condenser fan blade
The motor and the fan blade of the condenser fan shall be able to withstand the
connection strength test of 8 times the rated torque; there shall be no visible
deformation, after the test.
4.8 Strength of wire harness and terminal connection
The wiring harness and terminal of the fan connector shall be firmly connected;
the minimum tensile force shall comply with the provisions of 4.4.6 in QC/T
29106-2014.
4.9 Stall resistance
4.9.1 Stall resistance of brushed motor
The brushed fan shall meet the requirements of the stall test, when energized
with the test voltage UA for 30s and 30min, respectively. After the power-on test
for 30s, the fan is not allowed to be damaged; its basic performance shall
comply with the provisions of 4.2.1; during the power-on test for 30min, smoke
is allowed, BUT open fire is not allowed.
4.9.2 Stall resistance of brushless motor
The brushless fan shall meet the locked-rotor test, when the test voltage UA is
applied for 30 minutes. After the test, the fan is not allowed to be damaged; the
basic performance shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1.
4.10 Overvoltage resistance
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1 after the voltage test.
4.11 Resistance to superimposed AC voltage
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after the superimposed AC
voltage test.
4.12 Resistance to power supply voltage ramp down and ramp up
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after subject to the power supply
voltage ramp down and ramp up test.
4.13 Resistance to power supply voltage transient change
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after subject to the power supply
voltage transient change test.
4.14 Resistance to reverse voltage
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after the reverse voltage test.
4.15 Open circuit performance (for brushless fans)
The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after the open-circuit test.
4.16 Short-circuit protection (for brushless fans)
After the short-circuit protection test, the fan shall meet the requirements of
4.2.1.
4.17 Withstanding voltage performance
The fan armature shall withstand a sinusoidal voltage of 500V (effective value,
50Hz ~ 60Hz), for a duration of 60s. There shall be no breakdown and flashover
during the test; the leakage current shall not exceed 5mA. In the case of
continuous production in large quantities, it can be replaced by a test of sine
voltage of 660V (effective value, 50Hz ~ 60Hz), which lasts for 1s.
4.18 Insulation resistance
The resistance of the fan armature, through the insulation resistance test, shall
not be less than 10MΩ.
4.19 Salt spray resistance
The salt spray resistance of the fans shall be carried out in a non-working state.
The continuous test duration of the evaporator blower and the air heater blower
is 48h; the continuous test duration of the condenser fan is 96h. After the test,
the corrosion rate on the sprayed surface shall not be higher than 20%; rust
and air bubbles shall be allowed within 2mm from the edge and weld; the
performance shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1.
4.20 Low-temperature storage performance
After the fan has been tested for low-temperature storage, its performance shall
meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after returning to normal temperature.
severity level and frequency band of the test shall be in accordance with
the level L3, as specified in Table C.1, AND the frequency band F1 and F2
in Table C.2, in GB/T 33014.2-2016.
- After the fan is tested by the electromagnetic radiation immunity-big current
injection (BCI) method, it shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1. The severity
level and frequency band of the test shall be in accordance with the level
L3, as specified in Table C.1, AND the full frequency band in Table C.2, in
GB/T 33014.4-2016.
- The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after the electrical transient
conduction transient test, along the power line. The pulse type and severity
level of the test shall be in accordance with the test pulse 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b,
pulse 4, which are specified in Table A.1 (UN = 12V) or Table A.2 (UN = 24V)
in GB/T 21437.2-2008, under the test level III.
- The fan shall meet the requirements of 4.2.1, after the electrostatic
discharge test. The severity level of the test shall be carried out, according
to the level L3 category 2, which is specified in Tables C.1, C.2, C.3 of GB/T
19951-2019.
4.29 Durability
The durability performance test of the fan is divided into conventional durability
and enhanced durability. Under the condition that the supplier seeks the
approval of the purchaser, it may select one of the durability performances of
the fan for testing. Durability test requirements are as follows:
- Conventional durability of the fan: All parts of the fan shall not be damaged,
within the specified life cycle; the performance change, according to 4.2 of
this standard after the test, does not exceed 15%; the noise value is allowed
to increase at most 3dB(A);
- Enhanced durability of the fan: There is no damage to the parts of the fan,
within the specified life cycle; the performance change, according to 4.2 of
this standard after the test, does not exceed 15%. The wear of brushes and
commutators of brushed fans does not exceed 15% of the effective wear;
the noise value can be increased by up to 3dB(A).
5 Test methods
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 Test conditions
5.1.1.1 Test voltage
When the test voltage of the fan is not specified, if the nominal voltage UN is
12V, the test voltage UA is 14V ± 0.2V; if the nominal voltage UN is 24V, the test
voltage UA is 28V ± 0.2V.
5.1.1.2 The normal working environment conditions of the fan
Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be carried out under the following
conditions:
- Ambient temperature: 18°C ~ 28°C;
- Relative humidity: 25% ~ 75%;
- Atmospheric pressure: 86kPa ~ 106kPa.
5.1.1.3 Test instruments and equipment
Test equipment and instruments are required to have sufficient resolution,
accuracy, stability, to ensure that the error limit is within the allowable range of
the item under test:
- Voltmeter: The accuracy is not less than level 0.5;
- Ammeter: The accuracy is not less than level 0.5;
- Tachometer: The accuracy is not less than 1%;
- Test chamber's temperature control: The accuracy is ±2°C;
- The DC power supply is a vehicle battery OR a rectified regulated power
supply with a ripple factor of not more than 0.1%, or the above two power
supplies working in parallel.
5.1.2 Outline, installation dimension, tightening torque
The outline and installation dimensions of the fan shall be measured, by a
general or special-purpose measuring tools, that has passed the calibration;
the appearance shall be checked with the naked eye. The tightening torque of
the fasteners on the fan is measured by a torque wrench.
5.1.3 Operating voltage range
The fan is fixed on the tooling table, according to the actual loading method.
Apply the minimum power supply voltage USmin and the maximum power supply
voltage USmax, to let it run for 30 minutes. For multi-speed fans, the high-speed
gear shall prevail. After the test, apply the test voltage, to test the current and
speed.
Fans shall be tested, in accordance with 4.1.2.4 Test IV - Passenger car
elastomers (body) or 4.1.2.7 Test VII - Commercial vehicle elastomers, in GB/T
28046.3-2011. The fan is fixed on the vibration test bench, by the actual loading
method AND is in working state; the test voltage is UA.
5.7 Connection strength test of condenser fan blade
Under normal working conditions, assemble the fan blade on the motor shaft;
fix the fan blade on the fixture of the torsion test machine; apply 8 times the
rated torque to the motor shaft, to move it at a constant speed; the torsion speed
is 3°/min ~ 30°/min.
5.8 Strength test of connection between wire harness and terminal
The strength test of the connection, between the fan wiring harness and the
terminal, shall be carried out, in accordance with the provisions of 5.4.5 in QC/T
29106-2014.
5.9 Stall resistance test
Fix the rotating part of the fan. Apply the test voltage UA, to carry out the stall
resistance test.
5.10 Overvoltage resistance test
The fan's overvoltage test is carried out, in accordance with the provisions of
4.3.1.1.2 or 4.3.2.2 in GB/T 28046.2-2019. At the temperature T = (Tmax - 20°C),
apply a terminal voltage of 18V (UN = 12V) or 36V (UN = 24V) to the fan, for a
duration of 60min.
5.11 Resistance to superimposed AC voltage test
The fan's superimposed AC voltage test is carried out, in accordance with the
provisions of 4.4.2 in GB/T 28046.2-2019.
5.12 Resistance to power supply voltage ramp down and ramp up test
The ramp down and ramp up test of the fan power supply voltage shall be
carried out, in accordance with the provisions of 4.5.2 in GB/T 28046.2-2019.
5.13 Resistance to power supply voltage transient change test
The transient change test of the fan power supply voltage is carried out, in
accordance with the provisions of 4.6.1.2, 4.6.2.2, 4.6.3.2 in GB/T 28046.2-
2019.
5.14 Resistance to reverse voltage test
The fan's reverse voltage test is carried out, in accordance with the provisions
of 4.7.2.2 or 4.7.2.3 in GB/T 28046.2-2019.
5.15 Open-circuit test
The fan's open-circuit test shall be carried out, in accordance with the provisions
of 4.9.1.2 or 4.9.2.2 in GB/T 28046.2-2019.
5.16 Short-circuit protection test
The fan's short-circuit protection test is carried out, in accordance with the
provisions of 4.10.2.1 in GB/T 28046.2-2019.
5.17 Withstanding voltage test
The fan's withstanding voltage test is c...