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GB 28008-2024: Technical specification for the safety of furniture structure
GB 28008-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.140
CCS Y 80
Replacing GB 22792.2-2008, partially replacing GB 26172.1-2010, GB 24820-2
009, GB 24977-2010, GB 28008-2011, etc.
Technical specification for the safety of furniture structure
ISSUED ON. JUNE 25, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. JULY 01, 2025
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Technical requirements... 7
Annex A (normative) Determination process of shear and squeeze points... 18
Technical specification for the safety of furniture structure
1 Scope
This document specifies general safety requirements for furniture structures and
product-specific structural safety requirements.
This document applies to furniture other than infant and children's furniture.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 4706.1, Safety of household and similar electrical appliances -- Part 1.General
requirements
GB 15763.2-2005, Safety glazing materials in building -- Part 2.Tempered glass
GB/T 22792.3-2008, Office furniture -- Screens -- Part 3.Test methods
GB/T 24430-2023, Test method for bunk bed structure safety
GB/T 24977-2024, General technical requirements for bathroom furniture
GB/T 26172.2-2010, Foldaway beds -- Safety requirements and tests -- Part 2.Test
methods
GB 28007-2024, Technical specifications for the safety of infants and children
furniture
GB/T 28202-2020, Furniture industry terminology
GB/T 32446-2024, General technical requirements for glass furniture
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 28202-
2020 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 shear and squeeze point
A gap that could cause injury to body parts when two parts within the accessible area
move relative to each other (closing, opening or folding).
3.2 bunk bed
Household and non-household bedding products that have one or more layers of bed
surfaces with the upper surface not less than 600 mm above the ground, a width not
greater than 1200 mm, and a length not less than 1400 mm.
NOTE. It does not include special bedding products for prisons, firefighting, military, etc.
[Source. GB/T 28202-2020, 3.41, modified]
3.3 safety barrier
A component that prevents a user from falling from the upper bunk bed of a bunk bed
(3.2).
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General structural safety
4.1.1 Basic structural safety
4.1.1.1 In normal use, all accessible edges and corners shall be rounded, chamfered,
sanded or protected in other appropriate ways. The rounding radius shall not be less
than 0.5 mm.
NOTE 1.The edge of the seat and the area within 120 mm inward from any other edge (seat back,
armrests and seat bottom surface) are generally considered to be areas that are easily accessible by
fingers.
NOTE 2.Any part of the table top, the bottom of the table top and any edge below the table top that
is less than 500mm away would normally be contacted by the knees and/or arms.
4.1.1.2 The connection between fixed parts shall be firm and not loose. There shall be
no missing parts, through nails or missing nails.
4.1.1.3 During normal use, the surfaces of other parts shall be free of sharp edges and
sharp angles.
4.1.1.4 Vertically movable parts shall not move on their own at any position 50 mm
above the closing point.
4.1.1.5 Push-pull components shall be equipped with anti-drop devices or warning signs.
The font size of the signs shall be no smaller than 5-point boldface.
4.1.2.3 Shear and squeeze points during use
4.1.2.3.1 Under the intended conditions of use, there shall be no accessible shear or
squeeze points.
4.1.2.3.2 Normal movement and operation (for example, attempting to move the chair
by lifting the seat or adjusting the backrest) shall not result in shear and squeeze points
that could cause injury.
4.1.2.3.3 The contact gap under force in normal use is tested using a hemispherical
finger probe (as shown in Figure 1). The gap shall be less than 7 mm or not less than
18 mm.
4.1.2.3.4 The process for determining shear and squeeze points shall be carried out in
accordance with the provisions of Annex A.
4.1.3 Holes and gaps
4.1.3.1 For holes and gaps with a depth exceeding 10 mm on rigid parts within the
product accessible area, the diameter or gap shall not be passed by a hemispherical
finger probe with a diameter of 7 mm (as shown in Figure 1) with a force of 30 N, or
can be passed by a hemispherical finger probe with a diameter of 12 mm (as shown in
Figure 1) without applying any force.
4.1.3.2 Pipe openings that do not comply with 4.1.3.1 shall be sealed.
4.1.3.3 The adjacent blocking parts of the head and foot of the bed and the safety barrier
shall be tested in accordance with 6.3 of GB/T 24430-2023.The net space gap between
adjacent blocking parts in the same direction shall not be greater than 75 mm and not
less than 60 mm.
4.2 Structural safety of specific products
4.2.1 Screens
4.2.1.1 Stability of office furniture screens
When conducting a stability test according to 6.3 or 6.4 of GB/T 22792.3-2008, the
screen shall not tip over.
4.2.1.2 Structural integrity of office furniture screens
When testing according to 6.5 of GB/T 22792.3-2008, all components shall not be
removed and the structure shall not be damaged.
4.2.1.3 Assembly strength of office furniture screens
When conducting strength tests according to 6.6 of GB/T 22792.3-2008, the stability of
the screen assembly shall not be adversely affected, regardless of the presence or
absence of accessories. Any parts, connectors, or components shall not be damaged.
There shall be no deformation or looseness that affects the safety and function of the
screen assembly.
4.2.2 Folding bed
4.2.2.1 Folding accessories
When the folding device cycle test is carried out in accordance with 5.4 of GB/T
26172.2-2010, it shall be ensured that the difference in the opening and closing force
of the folding accessories measured twice after 100 and 10,000 cycles of the test does
not exceed 20%.
4.2.2.2 Installation of folding part and frame
4.2.2.2.1 The folding device shall be fastened to the frame of the building or other
structure. The product shall not come loose during use.
4.2.2.2.2 After testing in accordance with 5.4 of GB/T 26172.2-2010, the fasteners shall
not be loose.
4.2.2.3 Unintentional closure
When tested in accordance with 5.5.3 of GB/T 26172.2-2010, foldable parts shall not
close automatically. The distance the supporting device is lifted from the ground shall
not exceed 5 mm.
4.2.2.4 Unintentional opening
4.2.2.4.1 The foldable part shall be able to close automatically when it is opened to a
distance of 150 mm from the top edge.
4.2.2.4.2 When the test is carried out in accordance with 5.5.4 of GB/T 26172.2-2010,
the force applied to the specified loading point measured in accordance with 5.3 of
GB/T 26172.2-2010 shall be greater than 250 N.
4.2.2.4.3 The opening force measured in accordance with 5.3 of GB/T 26172.2-2010
shall not be less than 20 N, or the folding bed shall be equipped with a positive locking
device to keep the product firmly in the closed position. It can only be opened by a
manual safety device (such as a key, double-action button). The operating force of the
locking device shall not be less than 50 N. When rotating the parts, the force shall be
applied to the parts tangential to the axis of rotation and as far away from the axis of
rotation as possible.
4.2.2.4.4 When the folding bed is opened to 70° in accordance with 5.4 of GB/T
26172.2-2010, the opening torque measured in accordance with 5.3 of GB/T 26172.2-
2010 shall not exceed 10 N·m. When the following conditions are met, the folding bed
is opened to the 70° position. The maximum opening torque is 60 N·m. The maximum
d) The operating table on the upper front surface of the drawer and cabinet door shall
be beveled or have corresponding flashing treatment to prevent liquid from
dripping from the tabletop or dripping into the cabinet.
e) The joints of the worktop shall be flat and tight. There shall be no cracks. Drop
water on the joints. Check after 24 h. There shall be no water seepage.
4.2.4 Bathroom furniture
4.2.4.1 Hanging cabinets (racks)
The test shall be carried out in accordance with 8.5.5 of GB/T 24977-2024 and shall
meet the following requirements.
a) After the test of the cabinet (rack) with the table top less than 1000 mm from the
ground, the cabinet body and the connections of various parts shall not be loose.
The connection parts shall not be deformed, cracked or damaged.
b) After the test of cabinets (racks) with the table top height greater than or equal to
1000 mm from the ground, the cabinet body and the connections of various parts
are not loose. The shelves and supporting parts are not damaged. The shelves are
not overturned and fallen. The connection parts shall be free of deformation,
cracks and damage.
4.2.4.2 Electrical appliances and switches
4.2.4.2.1 Electrical appliances on furniture shall comply with the requirements of GB
4706.1.
4.2.4.2.2 The switch installation shall be isolated from the water spraying area (such as
installed on the wall on the opening side outside the door).
4.2.5 Bunk bed
4.2.5.1 Safety barrier
Safety barriers shall comply with the following regulations.
a) Safety barriers shall be installed on the upper deck. Only one access opening is
allowed on the side of the deck for entry and exit. The rest of the deck shall be
completely closed. For non-civilian bunk beds, the side connected to the building
may not have safety barriers, but the manufacturer shall have warning signs in
accordance with the provisions of this document in the product and instructions
for use.
b) The safety barrier shall be secure and not loose. When tested according to 6.4.2
of GB/T 24430-2023, the safety barrier shall not be damaged or loose.
c) The safety barrier shall not be able to be removed without special tools.
d) The distance between the top edge of the safety rail and the upper surface of the
upper bed shall be no less than 300 mm. There shall be a permanent marking line
to limit the maximum thickness of the mattress. The distance from the marking
line to the top edge of the safety rail shall be no less than 200 mm.
e) Except for the upper corner of the safety barrier with a rounded radius of no more
than 85 mm, the width of the gap above the permanent marking line that limits
the maximum thickness of the mattress shall be between 300 mm (inclusive) and
400 mm (inclusive). The location of the ladder or other entry method shall be
indicated in the instruction manual.
f) When tested in accordance with 6.3 of GB/T 24430-2023, except for the gap in
and out of the upper deck, the net space between adjacent blocking components
(such as fillets and filling fences) in the same direction of the safety barrier shall
be less than 75 mm and not less than 60 mm. After the test, the permanent
deviation of adjacent blocking components shall not exceed 2 mm.
4.2.5.2 Bed surface
When tested in accordance with 6.3 of GB/T 24430-2023, the gap between the bed
surface and the two sides and ends shall not exceed 25 mm. The bed surface shall be
breathable. The gap between bed surface components (such as bars and springs) shall
be less than 75 mm. When tested in accordance with 6.4.2 of GB/T 24430-2023, the
bed surface and its components shall not break, deform or detach. When tested in
accordance with 6.4.3, 6.4.4 and 6.4.5 of GB/T 24430-2023, all components on the bed
surface shall not break, deform or detach.
4.2.5.3 Stability
When tested according to 6.4.13 of GB/T 24430-2023, the product shall not tip over.
4.2.5.4 Fastening of bunk beds
When tested according to 6.4.14 of GB/T 24430-2023, the upper and lower parts of the
product shall remain well connected.
4.2.5.5 Others
They shall comply with the requirements of 5.2.6 and 5.2.7 in GB 28007-2024.
4.2.6 Glass furniture
4.2.6.1 Safety requirements for glass dimensions
For non-floor-standing doors, if flat glass is used, the height of the lower edge of the
flat glass from the ground shall be greater than or equal to 1.3 m. The area shall comply