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GB 28007-2024: Technical specifications for the safety of infants and children furniture
GB 28007-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.140
CCS Y 80
Replacing GB 22793.1-2008, GB 28007-2011;
partially replacing GB 24430.1-2009
Technical specifications for the safety of infants' and
children's furniture
ISSUED ON. JUNE 25, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 01, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
Introduction... 7
1 Scope... 8
2 Normative references... 8
3 Terms and definitions... 9
3.1 Products... 9
3.2 General structures... 11
3.3 Structures of children's high chairs... 15
3.4 Structures of bunk beds... 16
3.5 Structures of children's cot and folding cot... 17
4 General safety requirements... 17
4.1 Materials... 17
4.2 Structures... 17
4.3 Flame retardant properties... 29
4.4 Electrical safety... 30
4.5 Limits of hazardous substances... 30
4.6 Warning signs... 30
5 Safety requirements for specific products... 31
5.1 Requirements for children's high chair... 31
5.2 Requirements for bunk beds... 38
5.3 Requirements for children's cots and folding cots... 47
5.4 Crib requirements... 53
5.5 Requirements for upholstered furniture... 60
Bibliography... 61
Technical specifications for the safety of infants' and
children's furniture
1 Scope
This document specifies the general safety requirements and specific product safety
requirements for furniture intended for infants and children aged 0~14 years.
This document applies to the design, manufacture, sales service and quality safety
inspection and assessment of infants' furniture and children's furniture.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 4706.1, Household and similar electrical appliances -- Safety -- Part 1.General
requirements
GB 6675.2-2014, Safety of toys -- Part 2.Mechanical and physical properties
GB 6675.3-2014, Safety of toys -- Part 3.Flammability
GB 17927.1-2011, Upholstered furniture -- Assessment of the resistance to ignition
of mattress and sofa -- Part 1.Smoldering cigarette
GB/T 22793-2022, Test method for safety performance of children high chairs
GB/T 24430-2023, Test method for bunk bed structure safety
GB/T 28202-2020, Furniture industry terminology
GB 31701, Safety technical code for infants and children textile products
GB/T 43000-2023, Furniture - Children's cots and folding cots for domestic use -
Test methods
GB/T 43002-2023, Children's furniture - Quality inspection and quality judgement
GB 18584-2024, Limit of harmful substances of furniture
QB/T 5590-2021, Infant mattress
QB/T 5659-2021, Baby bed
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 28202-
2020 as well as the followings apply.
3.1 Products
3.1.1 infants' furniture
Furniture for infants and young children under 36 months old.
[Source. GB/T 28202-2020, 2.58]
3.1.2 children's furniture
Furniture for children aged 3~14 years.
NOTE. It mainly includes study furniture (tables, chairs, stools) and children's bedroom furniture
(beds, wardrobes, storage tools, etc.).
[Source. GB/T 28202-2020, 2.57]
3.1.3 children's high chair
infants' high chair
A free-standing chair for infants and toddlers between 6~36 months old who are able to
sit independently and can eat at a height close to the dining table.
NOTE. In ISO 9221-1.2015, the dining chair for infants aged 6~36 months is named children's high
chair.
[Source. GB/T 28202-2020, 3.121, modified]
3.1.4 tall desk/table product
Tables and desks with a total height of more than 1000 mm and equipped with a
bookshelf structure or similar structure.
3.1.5 bunk bed
Household and non-household bedding products with one or more layers of bed base
(3.4.1) with the upper surface not less than 600 mm above the ground, a width not more
than 1200 mm and a length not less than 1400 mm.
NOTE. It does not include special bedding products for prisons, firefighting, military, etc.
3.1.10 suspended crib
A crib (3.1.8) in which the bed base (3.4.1) is suspended by means of straps or similar
structures at one or more fixing points.
3.1.11 bedside sleeper
A crib (3.1.8) in which the guardrail on one side is designed to be folded down and
connected to the adult bed.
3.1.12 mattresses for cots and cribs
A thin sleeping mat filled with soft or resilient material, suitable for use with a children's
cot (3.1.6), folding cot (3.1.7) or crib (3.1.8).
3.2 General structures
3.2.1 folding mechanism
A mechanism connected by hinges or swivels that may produce squeezing or shearing
effects during operation.
3.2.2 access zone
Under normal use, the parts that infants and young children can touch with their limbs
when the product is in its functional position; and the parts that children can touch with
their limbs by changing their own position or the position of the product.
Example 1.Areas other than the back of the children's high chair, the lower surface of
the seat and the part below it, the buckles and connectors of the restraint system, etc.
Example 2.On both sides and ends of the children's cot and within a range of 1400 mm
above the bed base, when the user's arms cannot be extended from either the sides or
the ends, the internal area of the children's cot and the external area of the children's cot
300 mm below the upper edge of the side and end guardrails; when the user's arms can
be extended from the sides or ends, the area outside the bed base of the children's cot.
Example 3.For furniture such as children's cabinets and tall desks/table products (3.1.4)
that are marked for use against a wall or similar fixed objects and are provided with
devices for connecting to the wall and similar fixed objects, all areas other than the side
against the wall, the part touching the ground, and the part that can only be touched by
limbs after being disassembled with tools, including the storage space of the product.
Example 4.Areas except for the area below the bed base which cannot be entered by
the large head gauge (see Figure 12), the back of the top cover of the upper bunk bed
(if any), the side against the wall, the back of the walk-in cabinet staircase against the
wall, and the area that can only be accessed by removing the limbs with tools.
3.4.3 safety barrier
A component that prevents an occupant from falling from the bed base (3.4.1) of a bunk
bed (3.1.5) or upper bed (3.4.5).
3.4.4 side rail
A longitudinal part that supports the bed base (3.4.1) and is connected to the bed end
structure (3.4.2).
3.4.5 upper bed
Any bed with the upper surface of the bed base not less than 600 mm above the ground.
3.5 Structures of children's cot and folding cot
3.5.1 movable side
The two side parts of a children's cot (3.1.6) that can be adjusted to different positions
by sliding, lifting, folding, etc.
3.5.2 mattress base
A component that combines a bed base (3.4.1) and a mattress.
4 General safety requirements
4.1 Materials
Wooden parts shall not be rotten or worm-eaten, and metal materials shall not be rusted.
4.2 Structures
4.2.1 Connection of removable, loosening components
Self-tapping screws, such as self-tapping screws, shall not be used for connections of
removable or loosening parts in infant furniture (including cribs, cots and folding beds).
NOTE. Self-tapping screws include wood screws, particleboard screws, etc.
4.2.2 Edges, points and outside corners
The edges, tips and outer corners of the product access zone shall comply with the
following requirements.
- The corners and edges shall be rounded or chamfered. There shall be no burrs or
ribbons or elastic cords in access zone shall meet the following requirements.
a) For single cords in furniture used by infants and young children aged 18 months
and below, a tension of 25 N ± 1 N is applied to the free end. The length from the
free end to the fixed end shall not exceed 220 mm (see Figure 19). For single
cords in other furniture, the length from the free end to the fixed end shall not
exceed 300 mm under a tension of 25 N ± 1 N.
b) For furniture used by infants and young children aged 18 months and below,
where there are multiple cords and the distance between the fixed ends of the
cords is greater than 80 mm, a pulling force of 25 N ± 1 N shall be applied to the
free end of each cord. The length from the free end to the fixed end of each cord
shall not exceed 220 mm (see Figure 19). For other furniture, where there are
multiple cords and the length from the free end to the fixed end is under a pulling
force of 25 N ± 1 N, the length from the free end to the fixed end shall not exceed
300 mm.
c) For furniture used by infants and young children aged 18 months and below, if
there are multiple cords and the distance between the fixed ends of the cords is
not more than 80 mm, a pulling force of 25 N ± 1 N shall be applied to the free
end of each cord. The length from the free end to the fixed end of each cord shall
be not more than 220 mm. The circumference of the loop formed from one free
end to the other free end shall be not more than 360 mm (see Figure 19). For
multiple cords in other furniture, under a pulling force of 25 N ± 1 N, the length
from each free end to the fixed end shall be not more than 300 mm. The
circumference of the loop formed from one free end to the other free end shall be
not more than 360 mm.
d) There shall be no three-dimensional decorations on the free ends of ropes, ribbons
or elastic cords.
e) The thickness of the cords and straps in products for infants and young children
aged 18 months and below shall be no less than 1.5 mm, or the diameter shall be
no less than 1.0 mm.
f) For the cord loops in furniture used by infants and young children aged 18 months
and below, the small head gauge (see Figure 11) is inserted into the cord loop by
rotating it along its central axis at will under the action of a force of 30 N, so that
the central axis of the small head gauge (see Figure 11) remains perpendicular to
the plane of the cord loop. The small head gauge (see Figure 11) shall not pass
through the cord loop. If it passes through, the large head gauge (see Figure 12)
shall also pass through without the action of force. For the cord loops in other
furniture, the force of the small head gauge is 45 N.
NOTE. If the fixed end has the same shape or composition as the rope, it is considered to be part
of the rope for the test.
of GB/T 43002-2023 and shall not fail.
4.2.8 Anti-slip device
Except for chairs in children's furniture, other products with castors shall have at least
two castors that can be locked or at least two non-castor support feet in normal use.
Children's high chairs shall comply with the provisions of 5.1.9.Cribs shall comply
with the provisions of 5.4.4.2.
4.2.9 Lifting device
The lifting device shall not rise or fall by itself or the lifting operation shall not be
flexible.
Infant's and children's furniture shall not use voice-activated lifting devices. Products
with electronically controlled lifting devices shall have at least two different operating
steps to start the lifting movement (such as child lock, combination button, etc.).
According to the lifting frequency recommended by the manufacturer (if there is no
recommendation, the lifting frequency shall be less than 6 times/min), after 100 full-
stroke lifting cycles, any three different positions within the travel range shall be
specified for start and stop movement operations. Its motion control function shall not
fail. The lifting limit shall not exceed the nominal travel range.
Example. The lifting device refers to a pneumatic rod such as a swivel chair.
4.2.10 Glass parts
Children's furniture shall not use glass parts except in areas more than 1600 mm above
the ground and other standing surfaces.
4.2.11 Stability
4.2.11.1 For tall desks/table products and cabinets with a height greater than 600 mm,
connectors for connecting the product to the building or other anti-tipping devices shall
be provided. The installation and use methods shall be clearly stated in the instructions
for use. The connectors and anti-tipping devices shall not be disassembled without the
use of special tools.
4.2.11.2 In addition to the specific products specified in this document and the products
specified in 4.2.11.1, the stability of chairs, stools, tables, cabinets and other products
shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of Annex B of GB/T 43002-2023.The
product shall not tip over.
4.3 Flame retardant properties
The fabric, facing fabric and plastic covering of the product (including children's cots
and folding cots and their mattresses, cribs and their mattresses, sofas, etc.) shall have
a flame spread rate of no more than 30 mm/s when tested in accordance with the
provisions of 5.4 of GB 6675.3-2014, or the flame shall extinguish automatically before
reaching the second marking line. When tested in accordance with Annex B of GB
6675.3-2014, no surface flashing shall occur.
Mattresses for infants and children shall comply with the requirements of GB 17927.1-
2011.
4.4 Electrical safety
Electrical components in the product shall comply with the requirements of GB 4706.1.
4.5 Limits of hazardous substances
Hazardous substances in products shall comply with the provisions of GB 18584-2024.
4.6 Warning signs
4.6.1 After the warning signs on the products are tested according to the requirements
of 5.8 and 5.9 of GB/T 43002-2023, the characters on the labels shall be clearly legible
and shall not fall off or curl.
4.6.2 The font size of safety warnings such as "Danger", "Warning" and "Attention" in
warning words shall not be small...