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GB 20891-2014: Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV)
GB 20891-2014
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE?€?S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.040.50
Z 64
Replacing GB 20891-2007
Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants
from Diesel Engines of Non-road Mobile Machinery
(CHINA III, IV)
[Including Amendment 2020XG1]
ISSUED ON: MAY 16, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2014
Issued by: Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP);
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine (AQSIQ) of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4??
1 Scope ... 6??
2 Normative References ... 7??
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7??
4 Application and Authorization of Type Approval ... 13??
5 Technical Requirements and Test ... 14??
6 Production Conformity Inspection ... 17??
7 Diesel Engine Label ... 19??
8 Parameters for Determining Diesel Engine Family ... 20??
9 Selection of Parent Engine ... 22??
10 Standard Implementation ... 22??
Appendix A (Normative) Type Approval Declaration Materials ... 24??
Attachment AA (Normative) Basic Characteristics and Relevant Test Data of Diesel
Engine (Parent Engine)1) ... 26??
Attachment AB (Normative) Basic Characteristics of Diesel Engine Family ... 34??
Attachment AC (Normative) Basic Characteristics of Diesel Engine Type in Family1)
36??
Appendix B (Normative) Test Regulations ... 42??
Attachment BA (Normative) Measurement and Sampling Specification ... 50??
Attachment BB (Normative) Calibration Specification ... 57??
Attachment BC (Normative) Data Determination and Calculation ... 67??
Attachment BD (Normative) Technical requirements for durability ... 76??
Attachment BE (Normative) Set specification for setting of engine dynamometer in
NRTC test cycle ... 79??
Appendix C (Normative) Sample system for Gas and Particulate Matter ... 88??
Appendix D (Normative) Technical Requirements of Reference Diesel1) ... 116??
Appendix E (Normative) Devices and Accessories Installed for Diesel Engine Power
Test ... 119??
Appendix F (Normative) Type Approval Certificate ... 122??
Attachment FA (Normative) Test Results ... 124??
Appendix G (Normative) Production Conformity ... 127??
Appendix H (Informative) Bibliography ... 129??
AMD 1-2020 [2020XG1] ... 131??
Limits and Measurement Methods for Exhaust Pollutants
from Diesel Engines of Non-road Mobile Machinery
(CHINA III, IV)
1 Scope
The standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for the exhaust pollutant from
diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (including marine diesel engines with a rated net
power not exceeding 37kW) and the secondary diesel engines installed on road vehicles for
carrying people (cargo).
This Standard is applicable to type approval and production conformity inspection of the diesel
engines installed for the following (including but not limited to) non-road mobile machinery,
with rated net power not exceeding 560kW and operating at non-permanent speed, e.g.:
-- Industrial drilling equipment;
-- Engineering machinery (including loader, bulldozer, road roller, asphalt paver, truck for
non-highway, excavator, etc.);
-- Agricultural machinery (including large tractor, combine-harvester, etc.);
-- Forestry machinery;
-- Material handling machinery;
-- Snow-plough equipment;
-- Airport ground servicing equipment.
This Standard is applicable to type approval and production conformity inspection of the diesel
engines installed for the following (including but not limited to) non-road mobile machinery,
with rated net power not exceeding 560kW and operating at non-permanent speed, e.g.:
-- Air compressor;
-- Generator unit;
-- Fishery machinery (automatic aerator, pond excavator, etc.);
-- Water pump.
stand and under the test condition specified in this Standard.
Note: In net power test, the devices and accessories installed in diesel engine are detailed in Appendix E and the used equivalent
fuel technical parameters are detailed in Appendix D.
3.14 Rated net power
Net power indicated by the manufacturing enterprise for diesel engine type-approval.
3.15 Rated speed
Full-load maximum speed specified in the manufacturing enterprise's operating instructions and
allowed by speed governor; if the diesel engine is not equipped with speed governor, it refers
to the speed at the maximum power of diesel engine specified in the manufacturing enterprise's
operating instructions.
3.16 Percent load
Percentage of maximum torque obtained at a certain speed of diesel engine.
3.17 Intermediate speed
Speed of diesel engine designed to operate at non-permanent speed and meeting one of the
following conditions when operating according to full load torque curve:
-- If the nominal maximum torque speed is 60%~75% of the rated speed, the intermediate
speed shall take the nominal maximum torque speed;
-- If the nominal maximum torque speed is less than 60% of the rated speed, the intermediate
speed shall take 60% of the rated speed;
-- If the nominal maximum torque speed is greater than 75% of the rated speed, the
intermediate speed shall take 75% of the rated speed.
3.18 Useful life
Service time which is specified in Article 5.2.2 of this Standard, ensures normal operation of
diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery and their emission control systems (if any) and
meets the relevant gaseous pollutants and particulate matter emission limits, and has been
confirmed in type approval.
3.19 Replacement diesel engine
New diesel engine of non-road mobile machinery only used for components renewal.
3.20 Abbreviations, symbols and units
3.20.1 Test parameter symbols
4.2.1 The type approval institution authorizes the type approval for diesel engine type (or
family) meeting the requirements of Article 5 and Appendix G of this Standard, and issues type
approval certificate specified in Appendix F.
4.2.2 When the diesel engine is capable of completing its function only operating in
combination with other parts of non-road mobile machinery or provides an operating
characteristic, the type approval must verify whether one or more requirements when the diesel
engine operates in combination with other parts of non-road mobile machinery (no matter real
or analogic) are met. The range of diesel engine type-approval shall be restricted according to
these conditions; the type approval certificate of diesel engine type or family shall cover service
restriction conditions and installation instructions.
4.3 Exemption of type approval
For diesel engines used for special purposes such as export, exhibition, rescue, emergency,
matching test and replacement, application for type approval exemption can be filed to type
approval competent authority. Documents need to be submitted to competent authorities include:
model, power, manufacturing plant, purpose, emission standard phase, quantity, production
date, etc.
5 Technical Requirements and Test
5.1 General
The technical measures taken by the manufacturing enterprises must ensure the emission of
diesel engine under normal operating conditions and within the useful life period specified in
Article 5.2.2 of this Standard meets the requirements of this Standard.
The durability test shall be completed through mature-technology engineering method in
accordance with the technical requirements in Attachment BD of this Standard. In the durability
test process, the parts such as diesel oil filter element and engine oil filter element or system
may be periodically replaced, and such work must be conducted within the allowable
technology range. The requirements for system maintenance must be included in the user's
manual (including warranty of manufacturing enterprise for durability of exhaust aftertreatment
device). When the manufacturing enterprise applies for type approval, the content summary
related to aftertreatment device maintenance and replacement in the operating instructions must
be included in type approval declaration materials described in Appendix A.
5.2 Provisions for exhaust pollutants
5.2.1 Test regulations and sampling system
The measurement and sampling regulations for exhaust pollutants from diesel engine shall be
in accordance with those specified in Attachment BA of Appendix B, and the test cycle shall be
in accordance with stable-state test cycle specified in Table B.1 or Table B.2 or Table B.3 of
Appendix B. In Phase IV, non-constant speed diesel engine not exceeding 560 kW also need to
type approval specified in Attachment AA.1.18.
5.3.2 The exhaust back pressure shall not exceed the back pressure of the engine subjected to
type approval specified in Attachment AA.1.19.
6 Production Conformity Inspection
The manufacturing enterprise shall take measures according to the requirements of Appendix
G to guarantee production conformity.
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 For diesel engine type (or family) of non-road mobile machinery subjected to type
approval and produced in batch, the manufacturing enterprise must take measures to ensure
diesel engine type (or family) is in conformity with emission declaration materials of this diesel
engine type (or family).
6.1.2 The type approval institution shall conduct production conformity inspection based on
the content of emission declaration materials of this diesel engine type (or family) of non-road
mobile machinery.
6.1.3 The type approval institution may take prototypes according to the requirements of
Article 6.2 in the manufacturing enterprise based on the need of supervision and management.
6.1.4 If some diesel engine type (or family) fails to meet the requirements of Article 5 of this
Standard, the manufacturing enterprise shall positively take measures to recover production
conformity assurance system. The type approval institution, before the production conformity
assurance system of this diesel engine type (or family) is recovered, may temporarily cancel
the type approval certificate of this diesel engine type (or family).
6.1.5 The production conformity inspection shall use commercially available diesel oil
specified in GB 252; as required by the manufacturing enterprise, the reference diesel oil
described in Appendix D may be used.
6.2 Production conformity inspection of diesel engine emission
6.2.1 One prototype shall be randomly taken from the diesel engines produced in batch. The
manufacturing enterprise shall not make any adjustment for the diesel engines sampled for
inspection, but may conduct grinding-in according to the manufacturing enterprise's technical
specification.
6.2.2 If the brake specific emission of gaseous pollutants and particulate matters of the taken
diesel engines, after being corrected according to the deterioration coefficient or deterioration
correction value determined in type approval does not exceed the limit requirements specified in
Article 5 of this Standard, then the production conformity of this batch of products is qualified.
6.2.3 If one diesel engine randomly taken from the products in batch fails to meet the limit
brake specific emission of a certain exhaust pollutant of any sample among the three sample
engines exceeds 1.1 times of the limits or their average values exceed the limits.
6.3 Production conformity inspection of catalytic converter
6.3.1 Randomly take three sets of catalytic converters from the assembly line or products in
batch for carrying out measurement for their carrier volume and the content of each precious
metal according to the requirements of HJ 509-2009.
6.3.2 Determination criteria for the production conformity of catalytic converter:
-- If the measurement results of the carrier volume and the content of each precious metal
of the three sets of tested catalytic converter are not less than 0.85 times the declared
values and the average is not less than 0.9 times the declared value, the production
conformity inspection for catalytic converter is determined qualified.
-- If the measurement results of the carrier volume and the content of each precious metal
of any one of the three sets of tested catalytic converter are less than 0.85 times the
declared values, or the average is less than 0.9 times the declared value, the production
conformity inspection for catalytic converter is determined unqualified.
7 Diesel Engine Label
7.1 The manufacturing enterprise shall install a same label on each diesel engine in production,
and the labels shall meet the following requirements:
a) The labels shall be unable to be removed unless damaging the labels or the appearance of
engines;
b) The labels, within the service life of diesel engine, must be clear and easy to see;
c) The label shall be fixed to the part which is required for the engine to operate normally and
does not need to be replaced frequently within the service life of diesel engine.
d) When the diesel engine is installed on mobile machinery, the position of label shall be
conspicuous for the lable to be easy to see by ordinary person.
7.2 If the label are not easy to see due to the cover of machinery after installed on mobile
machinery, the engine manufacturing enterprise shall provide an additional label to the mobile
machinery manufacturing enterprise.The additional label shall meet the following requirements:
a) The labels shall be unable to be removed unless damaging the labels or the appearance of
engines;
b) The label shall be fixed to the part which is required for the engine to operate normally and
does not need to be replaced frequently within the service life of diesel engine.
7.3 The label shall include the following information:
a) Corresponding power section that authorized type approval described in Article 5.2.3, limit
stage, and type approval number described in Appendix F.
b) The type, family name, power parameter of the diesel engine;
c) The production date of the diesel engine: ymd ("daily" is optional.) If the production date is
already marked on other parts, repeat mark on label is not necessary.???
d) Full name of the manufacturing enterprise of the diesel engine;
e) For the diesel engines with aftertreatment devices, the types of aft...